Parenting behaviors are significantly linked to youths’ behavioral adjustment, an association that is moderated by youths’ and parents’ self-regulation. The biological sensitivity to context theory suggests that respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) indexes youths’ varying susceptibility to rearing contexts. However, self-regulation in the family context is increasingly viewed as a process of “coregulation” that is biologically embedded and involves dynamic Parent×Child interactions. No research thus far has examined physiological synchrony as a dyadic biological context that may moderate associations between parenting behaviors and preadolescent adjustment. Using a two-wave sample of 101 low-socioeconomic status (SES) families (children and caretakers; mean age 10.28 years), we employed multilevel modeling to examine dyadic coregulation during a conflict task, indicated by RSA synchrony, as a moderator of the linkages between observed parenting behaviors and preadolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problems. Results showed that high dyadic RSA synchrony resulted in a multiplicative association between parenting and youth adjustment. High dyadic synchrony intensified the relations between parenting behaviors and youth behavior problems, such that in the context of high dyadic synchrony, positive and negative parenting behaviors were associated with decreased and increased behavioral problems, respectively. Parent–child dyadic RSA synchrony is discussed as a potential biomarker of biological sensitivity in youth.

养育行为与青少年的行为调整显着相关，这种关联受青少年和父母的自我调节调节。对情境理论的生物学敏感性表明，呼吸性窦性心律失常 (RSA) 反映了青少年对养育环境的不同易感性。然而，家庭环境中的自我调节越来越被视为一种“共同调节”的过程，这种过程具有生物学意义，涉及动态的亲子互动。到目前为止，还没有研究将生理同步性作为一种二元生物学背景来检验，这种背景可能会调节养育行为与青春期前调整之间的关联。使用 101 个低社会经济地位 (SES) 家庭（儿童和看护人；平均年龄 10.28 岁）的两波样本，我们采用多层次建模来检查冲突任务期间的二元协同调节，由 RSA 同步表示，作为观察到的育儿行为与青春期前内化和外化问题之间联系的调节剂。结果表明，高度二元 RSA 同步导致育儿和青少年适应之间的乘法关联。高度二元同步强化了养育行为与青少年行为问题之间的关系，因此在高度二元同步的背景下，积极和消极的养育行为分别与减少和增加的行为问题相关。亲子二元 RSA 同步性被讨论为青年生物敏感性的潜在生物标志物。作为观察到的育儿行为与青春期前内化和外化问题之间联系的调节者。结果表明，高度二元 RSA 同步导致育儿和青少年适应之间的乘法关联。高度二元同步强化了养育行为与青少年行为问题之间的关系，因此在高度二元同步的背景下，积极和消极的养育行为分别与减少和增加的行为问题相关。亲子二元 RSA 同步性被讨论为青年生物敏感性的潜在生物标志物。作为观察到的育儿行为与青春期前内化和外化问题之间联系的调节者。结果表明，高度二元 RSA 同步导致育儿和青少年适应之间的乘法关联。高度二元同步强化了养育行为与青少年行为问题之间的关系，因此在高度二元同步的背景下，积极和消极的养育行为分别与减少和增加的行为问题相关。亲子二元 RSA 同步性被讨论为青年生物敏感性的潜在生物标志物。高度二元同步强化了养育行为与青少年行为问题之间的关系，因此在高度二元同步的背景下，积极和消极的养育行为分别与减少和增加的行为问题相关。亲子二元 RSA 同步性被讨论为青年生物敏感性的潜在生物标志物。高度二元同步强化了养育行为与青少年行为问题之间的关系，因此在高度二元同步的背景下，积极和消极的养育行为分别与减少和增加的行为问题相关。亲子二元 RSA 同步性被讨论为青年生物敏感性的潜在生物标志物。