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Expiratory abdominal muscle nerve is active at flexor phase, while inspiratory phrenic nerve is not active during locomotion evoked by 5-HT and NMDA in the neonatal rat
Neuroscience Research ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.07.004
Makito Iizuka 1 , Araya Ruangkittisakul 2 , Klaus Ballanyi 2
Affiliation  

Abdominal muscles are involved in respiration and locomotion. In the isolated pons-spinal cord-rib attached preparation from neonatal rat, the phrenic nerve and abdominal muscles show inspiratory and expiratory activity, respectively. Using this preparation, we investigated whether the bath application of NMDA and 5-HT could evoke locomotor activities in the fourth cervical ventral root (C4VR), phrenic nerve, and abdominal muscle nerve (ilioinguinal nerve, IIG-n). We also observed rib and abdominal muscle movements visually. The phrenic nerve and C4VR showed inspiratory activity consistently under the control conditions, whereas IIG-n showed expiratory activity only at the beginning of the experiment. During the chemically-induced locomotion, both C4VR and IIG-n showed locomotor activity, and IIG-n in particular showed flexor activity. During the flexor activity, lateral bending of the rib cage to the recording site was observed. The phrenic nerve showed weak or no apparent locomotor activity. We concluded that the central pattern generator (CPG) for locomotion provides stronger excitatory synaptic inputs to C4 motoneurons innervating neck and shoulder muscles than the inputs to the phrenic motoneurons. Thus, the locomotor CPG provides a suitable amount of inputs to the functionally proper motoneurons. This preparation will be useful to explore how the respiratory and locomotor CPGs select proper motoneurons to give synaptic inputs and are coordinated with each other.



中文翻译:

呼气腹肌神经在屈肌期活跃,而吸气膈神经在新生大鼠 5-HT 和 NMDA 诱发的运动过程中不活跃

腹部肌肉参与呼吸和运动。在从新生大鼠分离的脑桥-脊髓-肋骨附着制剂中,膈神经和腹肌分别显示吸气和呼气活动。使用这种制剂,我们研究了 NMDA 和 5-HT 的沐浴应用是否可以引起第四颈腹根 (C4VR)、膈神经和腹肌神经 (髂腹股沟神经,IIG-n) 的运动活动。我们还目视​​观察了肋骨和腹部肌肉的运动。膈神经和 C4VR 在控制条件下始终显示吸气活动,而 IIG-n 仅在实验开始时显示呼气活动。在化学诱导的运动过程中,C4VR 和 IIG-n 都表现出运动活动,尤其是 IIG-n 表现出屈肌活动。在屈肌活动期间,观察到肋骨向记录部位的横向弯曲。膈神经表现出微弱或没有明显的运动活动。我们得出的结论是,用于运动的中央模式发生器 (CPG) 为支配颈部和肩部肌肉的 C4 运动神经元提供比对膈运动神经元的输入更强的兴奋性突触输入。因此,运动 CPG 为功能适当的运动神经元提供了适量的输入。这种准备将有助于探索呼吸和运动 CPG 如何选择适当的运动神经元来提供突触输入并相互协调。我们得出的结论是,用于运动的中央模式发生器 (CPG) 为支配颈部和肩部肌肉的 C4 运动神经元提供比对膈运动神经元的输入更强的兴奋性突触输入。因此,运动 CPG 为功能适当的运动神经元提供了适量的输入。这种准备将有助于探索呼吸和运动 CPG 如何选择适当的运动神经元来提供突触输入并相互协调。我们得出的结论是,用于运动的中央模式发生器 (CPG) 为支配颈部和肩部肌肉的 C4 运动神经元提供比对膈运动神经元的输入更强的兴奋性突触输入。因此,运动 CPG 为功能适当的运动神经元提供了适量的输入。这种准备将有助于探索呼吸和运动 CPG 如何选择适当的运动神经元来提供突触输入并相互协调。

更新日期:2021-07-27
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