当前位置: X-MOL 学术Field Crops Res. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Film mulching affects root growth and function in dryland maize-soybean intercropping
Field Crops Research ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108240
Wei Zhang 1, 2 , Shiqing Li 1, 3 , Yufang Shen 1, 3 , Shanchao Yue 1, 3
Affiliation  

Understanding the morphological response of maize roots in the presence of soybeans in fields under varied water conditions is vital for identifying maize-dominant intercropping systems suitable for climate change. In this study, two maize-soybean intercropping systems (maize with and without film mulching) were compared with maize and soybean sole crops in rainfed farmland on the Loess Plateau. Different features, including the maize root morphological traits, root vertical distribution, shoot traits, interspecific root overlap, and grain yield of intercrops, were determined after silking in 2017 (dry year) and 2018 (wet year). The intercropped maize (without film mulching) employed a thin root system under dry conditions and a profuse root system under wet conditions, with shallow roots and active root-diameter strategy to adapt to varied water conditions. These features resulted in higher grain yield in per unit area for the intercropped maize (16.97 % overyielding) than sole maize without film mulching. Film mulching of intercropped maize modified the roots with confined growth under dry conditions and inhibited the roots with excessive growth under wet conditions; as a consequence, the two morphologies of intercropped maize root system were reshaped into the optimal one (less profuse but not thin), with S-type vertical distribution (1 m soil profile) for root length and more beneficial root-diameter strategy. Besides, film mulching improved interspecific root interaction through an evident increase in root length or mass in the interspecific overlap regions. Finally, film mulching improved the maize overyielding dramatically (84 %) due to high leaf adaptability and efficient root-shoot synergy in maize plants. Importantly, the maize mulching did not decrease intercropped soybean yield significantly when compared with sole soybean due to the benefits from interspecific facilitation, while it enhanced total grain yield (10.67 %) for the intercropping system. Thus, film mulching improved maize root morphology and balanced soil resource exploitation and shoot development, consequently strengthening the attainable grain yield in the intercropping system. To conclude, the research elucidates the plant root mechanisms (root morphological changes) underlying overyielding of intercropped maize in varied water conditions. It identifies film mulching of maize as a strategy to optimize root growth and function for higher intercropping yield advantage in dryland.



中文翻译:

地膜覆盖对旱地玉米-大豆间作根系生长和功能的影响

了解在不同水分条件下田间种植大豆时玉米根的形态响应对于确定适合气候变化的以玉米为主的间作系统至关重要。在这项研究中,在黄土高原的雨养农田中,两种玉米 - 大豆间作系统(有和没有地膜覆盖的玉米)与玉米和大豆单作作物进行了比较。2017年(旱年)和2018年(旱年)抽丝后测定了不同特征,包括玉米根系形态特征、根系垂直分布、地上部性状、种间根系重叠和间作籽粒产量。间作玉米(无地膜覆盖)在干燥条件下采用细根系统,在潮湿条件下采用多根系统,采用浅根和主动根径策略以适应不同的水条件。这些特征导致间作玉米的单位面积谷物产量(超产 16.97%)比没有地膜覆盖的单一玉米更高。间作玉米地膜改善了干燥条件下生长受限的根系,抑制了潮湿条件下过度生长的根系;因此,间作玉米根系的两种形态被重塑为最佳形态(少但不薄),根长呈 S 型垂直分布(1 m 土壤剖面),根径策略更有利。此外,地膜覆盖通过显着增加种间重叠区域的根长度或质量来改善种间根间相互作用。最后,由于玉米植物的高叶片适应性和有效的根茎协同作用,地膜覆盖显着提高了玉米的超产(84%)。重要的是,由于种间促进的好处,与单种大豆相比,玉米覆盖并没有显着降低间作大豆产量,但它提高了间作系统的总谷物产量(10.67%)。因此,地膜覆盖改善了玉米根系形态,平衡了土壤资源开发和地上部发育,从而提高了间作系统中可达到的粮食产量。总之,该研究阐明了在不同水分条件下间作玉米超产的植物根系机制(根系形态变化)。

更新日期:2021-07-27
down
wechat
bug