The aftershocks of the 2015 Mw7.8 Gorkha Nepal earthquake extend up to 130km to the east of the epicenter. The distribution suggests that the rupture has propagated from west to east through the Kathmandu Valley, potentially leading to more severe destruction in the valley. In addition to this, the local soil deposit influences the shaking intensity and the associated damage. The modification of the seismic wave depends on the nature of the soil deposit and the characteristics of the seismic waves, both of which are interrelated with each other in a complex manner. To evaluate the response of Kathmandu Valley sediments, the spectral element method (SEM) is employed. The models are prepared in 3D based on lithological data from the deep boreholes (i.e., 300 to 500m, up to bedrocks) in the Kathmandu Valley. The seismic response along with wavefront is produced that resembles the variational properties of sub-surface sediments along with the effects of topography and basin of Kathmandu Valley.

2015 年 Mw7.8 尼泊尔廓尔喀地震的余震延伸至震中以东 130 公里。该分布表明，破裂已从西向东通过加德满都谷地传播，可能导致谷地遭受更严重的破坏。除此之外，当地的土壤沉积影响震动强度和相关的损害。地震波的变化取决于土壤沉积物的性质和地震波的特性，两者之间以复杂的方式相互关联。为了评估加德满都谷地沉积物的响应，采用了光谱元素法 (SEM)。这些模型是根据来自加德满都谷地深钻孔（即 300 至 500m，直至基岩）的岩性数据以 3D 形式制作的。