Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a widespread post-transcriptional regulation mechanism that increases the biological complexity of transcriptome and proteome. However, it is unclear whether APA regulation plays a role in genetic resistance to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Here, we reported genome-wide APA regulation of porcine alveolar macrophages in PRRSV-resistant Tongcheng (TC) pigs and PRRSV-susceptible Large White (LW) pigs upon PRRSV infection. Using 3′ mRNA sequencing strategy, we detected 75 981 high-quality APA sites in porcine alveolar macrophages of TC and LW pigs. Furthermore, 1202 and 1089 differentially expressed APA sites, as well as 79 and 117 untranslated region-APA switching genes were identified in TC pigs and LW pigs upon PRRSV infection respectively. The APA events in TC pigs and LW pigs were involved in different biological pathways, while APA events in TC pigs are directly associated with the immune response to PRRSV infection. In addition, we identified genetic variations affecting polyadenylation signal between TC pigs and LW pigs. These findings would provide helpful information on APA regulation for further understanding of genetic resistance to PRRSV.

中文翻译：

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同城猪和大白猪对 PRRSV 感染的替代性聚腺苷酸化事件差异很大

替代多聚腺苷酸化 (APA) 是一种广泛的转录后调控机制，可增加转录组和蛋白质组的生物学复杂性。然而，尚不清楚 APA 调节是否在对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 的遗传抗性中起作用。在这里，我们报告了在 PRRSV 感染后，PRRSV 抗性通城 (TC) 猪和 PRRSV 易感大白 (LW) 猪中猪肺泡巨噬细胞的全基因组 APA 调节。使用 3' mRNA 测序策略，我们在 TC 和 LW 猪的猪肺泡巨噬细胞中检测到 75 981 个高质量的 APA 位点。此外，在感染 PRRSV 的 TC 猪和 LW 猪中分别鉴定了 1202 和 1089 个差异表达的 APA 位点，以及 79 和 117 个非翻译区-APA 转换基因。TC猪和LW猪的APA事件参与不同的生物学途径，而TC猪的APA事件与PRRSV感染的免疫反应直接相关。此外，我们确定了影响 TC 猪和 LW 猪之间多聚腺苷酸化信号的遗传变异。这些发现将为进一步了解对 PRRSV 的遗传抗性提供有关 APA 调控的有用信息。