After World War II, Great Britain faced major economic problems, which the government sought to rectify by reviving export markets and achieving a favorable balance of trade. One overlooked component of reconstruction was a decision to recognize tourism as an “invisible export,” a way to draw currency, especially American dollars, into the country. However, in a period characterized by scarcity, rationing, and austerity measures, the endeavor presented enormous challenges. The situation was exacerbated by the advent of the Marshall Plan in 1948. It required British participation in a European-based tourism scheme that jeopardized the success of Britain's own initiative and, ironically, could potentially undermine the economic benefits that Marshall Plan participation was supposed to provide. In exploring the history of British tourism policy in this era, this article shows the extent to which the Marshall Plan compromised an important aspect of British reconstruction policy. It can thereby better inform our understanding of the complexities of postwar reconstruction and of Britain's guarded response to aspects of the Marshall Plan—particularly the American initiative to promote greater European economic integration in the immediate postwar era.

中文翻译：

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旅游陷阱：英国、战后复苏和马歇尔计划

二战后，英国面临重大经济问题，政府试图通过重振出口市场和实现贸易顺差来解决这些问题。重建中一个被忽视的组成部分是决定承认旅游业是一种“无形的出口”，一种将货币，尤其是美元吸引到该国的方式。然而，在一个以稀缺、配给和紧缩措施为特征的时期，这项努力提出了巨大的挑战。1948 年马歇尔计划的出现加剧了这种情况。它要求英国参与以欧洲为基础的旅游计划，这危及英国自己的倡议的成功，具有讽刺意味的是，可能会破坏马歇尔计划参与本应带来的经济利益提供。在探索这个时代英国旅游政策的历史时，本文展示了马歇尔计划在多大程度上损害了英国重建政策的一个重要方面。因此，它可以更好地让我们了解战后重建的复杂性以及英国对马歇尔计划各方面的谨慎回应——尤其是美国在战后时期促进更大程度的欧洲经济一体化的倡议。