Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO₂] and climate change are impacting farming worldwide. Ecological weed management (EWM) principles, including use of diverse tactics already employed by many farmers, may assist in adapting to and mitigating climate change. We systematically reviewed the literature on EWM and climate change and here summarise practical considerations related to changing efficacy and utility of non-chemical EWM practices. Localised changes in precipitation will affect tillage and cultivation. We expect that mulching, transplanting and some weed seedbank management strategies, which add resiliency to a weed management programme, may show increased utility in a future with more extreme and variable weather. Innovations in autonomous robotic weeding technologies and cultivation tool design show promise in helping to overcome challenges related to low and variable cultivation efficacy and traditionally slow working rates. EWM practices that help farmers achieve multiple objectives and provide benefits beyond climate change adaptation, such as financial gains, may be most advantageous, the development of which could be facilitated by interdisciplinary research and outreach efforts. Overall, we conclude that in an increasingly variable climate, farmers will have to employ a greater diversity of weed management tactics in order to spread risk and enable climate resilience through farming systems diversification.

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评论：气候变化将如何影响生态杂草管理的“许多小锤子”？

增加大气二氧化碳浓度 [CO ₂] 和气候变化正在影响全世界的农业。生态杂草管理 (EWM) 原则，包括使用许多农民已经采用的各种策略，可能有助于适应和缓解气候变化。我们系统地回顾了关于 EWM 和气候变化的文献，并在此总结了与改变非化学 EWM 实践的功效和效用相关的实际考虑因素。降水的局部变化会影响耕作和耕作。我们预计覆盖、移栽和一些杂草种子库管理策略会增加杂草管理计划的弹性，在未来天气更加极端和多变的情况下可能会显示出更高的效用。自主机器人除草技术和栽培工具设计的创新有望帮助克服与低且可变的栽培效率以及传统上缓慢的工作速度相关的挑战。帮助农民实现多重目标并提供超出适应气候变化的收益（例如经济收益）的 EWM 做法可能是最有利的，跨学科研究和外展工作可以促进其发展。总的来说，我们得出的结论是，在气候变化越来越大的情况下，农民将不得不雇用更多 跨学科研究和外联工作可以促进其发展。总的来说，我们得出的结论是，在气候变化越来越大的情况下，农民将不得不雇用更多 跨学科研究和外联工作可以促进其发展。总的来说，我们得出的结论是，在气候变化越来越大的情况下，农民将不得不雇用更多杂草管理策略的多样性，以通过农业系统多样化来分散风险和实现气候适应能力。