Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings

Planners have not paid enough attention to managing the risk of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), of which COVID-19 is the most recent manifestation. Overlooking aggressive policies to manage this risk of zoonotic viruses reassorting between sick animals and humans misses the greatest opportunity for stopping future disease pandemics. In this study we review several disciplines, outline the scant planning literature on EIDs, and identify the increasing calls from virologists and medical professionals to address urbanization as a key EID driver. Using the case of avian influenza outbreaks in Vietnam in 2004 and 2005, we conceptualize a preventive planning approach to managing the risk of zoonotic transmission that results in EID pandemics.

Takeaway for practice

We make several recommendations for planners. Practicing planners should consider how their plans manage the risk of zoonotic disease transmission between animals and humans through land use planning and community planning. Planning education and certification organizations should develop positions regarding the role of planning for EIDs. Food systems planners should consider the importance of livestock practices in food production as a risk factor for EIDs. Diverse research teams should combine geographic scales, data sources, and disciplinary knowledge to examine how an extended series of upstream and downstream events can result in a global pandemic. Such empirical examination can lead to effective planning policies to greatly reduce this risk.

中文翻译：

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新发传染病大流行的规划

摘要

问题、研究策略和发现

规划人员没有足够重视管理新发传染病 (EID) 的风险，其中 COVID-19 是最近的表现形式。忽视管理这种人畜共患病病毒在患病动物和人类之间重新组合的风险的积极政策，错过了阻止未来疾病大流行的最大机会。在这项研究中，我们回顾了几个学科，概述了关于 EID 的稀缺规划文献，并确定了病毒学家和医疗专业人员越来越多的呼吁将城市化作为 EID 的关键驱动因素来解决。以 2004 年和 2005 年越南爆发的禽流感为例，我们构思了一种预防性规划方法，以管理导致 EID 大流行的人畜共患传播风险。

外卖练习

我们为规划者提出了几项建议。执业规划者应考虑他们的计划如何通过土地利用规划和社区规划来管理动物和人类之间人畜共患病传播的风险。规划教育和认证组织应就 EID 规划的作用制定立场。粮食系统规划者应将牲畜做法在粮食生产中的重要性视为 EID 的风险因素。多元化的研究团队应结合地理尺度、数据来源和学科知识，研究一系列延伸的上游和下游事件如何导致全球大流行。这种实证检验可以产生有效的规划政策，从而大大降低这种风险。