Solar-driven water splitting is an efficient process for converting solar energy into chemical energy. In this process, semiconductor materials are excited by solar energy to generate free electrons to participate in the water-splitting reaction. Among these semiconductor materials, inorganic perovskite oxides have a spatial structure that is easy to control and thereby lead to different energy band structures and photocatalytic properties. More importantly, perovskite oxides can be compounded with other organic/inorganic materials to promote charge separation and improve apparent quantum yield. However, the low solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency has not yet reached the requirements of practical applications. In this review, the fundamental principles of solar-driven water splitting based on perovskite materials are introduced according to the most recently published results. In addition, the innovative modification techniques for water splitting based on perovskite oxides have been summarized, focusing on the following methods: element doping, homo/heterojunction formation, Z-scheme, plasmon effect, dye sensitization, carbon enhancement, and surface modifications. Note that the applications in the visible light wavelength range have been described, with emphasis among all these modification materials. Furthermore, the recent water-splitting reaction systems for practical applications are briefly discussed. As a summary, we outline the challenges and potential utilization associated with visible light–driven water splitting based on perovskite oxides for future commercial applications. This review describes various modification methods to improve photochemical performance of perovskite oxides as well as illustrates the potential to employ perovskite oxides as a key material for the practical application of water splitting.

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用于光化学和光电化学水分解的工程钙钛矿氧化物的进展

太阳能驱动的水分解是将太阳能转化为化学能的有效过程。在这个过程中，半导体材料被太阳能激发产生自由电子参与水分解反应。在这些半导体材料中，无机钙钛矿氧化物具有易于控制的空间结构，从而导致不同的能带结构和光催化性能。更重要的是，钙钛矿氧化物可以与其他有机/无机材料复合，以促进电荷分离并提高表观量子产率。然而，太阳能到氢的低转换效率尚未达到实际应用的要求。在这次审查中，根据最近发表的结果介绍了基于钙钛矿材料的太阳能驱动水分解的基本原理。此外，还总结了基于钙钛矿氧化物的水分解创新改性技术，重点关注以下方法：元素掺杂、同质/异质结形成、Z-scheme、等离子体效应、染料敏化、碳增强和表面改性。请注意，已经描述了可见光波长范围内的应用，重点是所有这些改性材料。此外，还简要讨论了最近用于实际应用的水分解反应系统。作为总结，我们概述了与基于钙钛矿氧化物的可见光驱动水分解相关的挑战和潜在利用，以用于未来的商业应用。该综述描述了改善钙钛矿氧化物光化学性能的各种改性方法，并说明了将钙钛矿氧化物用作水分解实际应用的关键材料的潜力。