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Predation risk increases in estuarine bivalves stressed by low salinity
Marine Biology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s00227-021-03942-8
Rula Domínguez 1 , Elsa Vázquez 1 , Isabel M Smallegange 2 , Sarah A Woodin 3 , David S Wethey 3 , Laura G Peteiro 1, 4 , Celia Olabarria 1
Affiliation  

Salinity drops in estuaries after heavy rains are expected to increase in frequency and intensity over the next decades, with physiological and ecological consequences for the inhabitant organisms. It was investigated whether low salinity stress increases predation risk on three relevant commercial bivalves in Europe. In laboratory, juveniles of Venerupis corrugata, Cerastoderma edule, and the introduced Ruditapes philippinarum were subjected to low salinities (5, 10 and control 35) during two consecutive days and, afterwards, exposed to one of two common predators in the shellfish beds: the shore crab Carcinus maenas and the gastropod Bolinus brandaris, a non-indigenous species present in some Galician shellfish beds. Two types of choice experiment were done: one offering each predator one prey species previously exposed to one of the three salinities, and the other offering each predator the three prey species at the same time, previously exposed to one of the three salinities. Consumption of both predators and predatory behaviour of C. maenas (handling time, rejections, consumption rate) were measured. Predation rates and foraging behaviour differed, with B. brandaris being more generalist than C. maenas. Still, both predators consumed significantly more stressed (salinity 5 and 10) than non-stressed prey. The overall consumption of the native species C. edule and V. corrugata was greater than that of R. philippinarum, likely due to their vulnerability to low salinity and physical traits (e.g., thinner shell, valve gape). Increasing precipitations can alter salinity gradients in shellfish beds, and thus affect the population dynamics of harvested bivalves via predator–prey interactions.



中文翻译:

受低盐度胁迫的河口双壳贝类捕食风险增加

预计未来几十年大雨后河口盐度下降的频率和强度会增加,对居民生物产生生理和生态后果。调查了低盐度胁迫是否会增加欧洲三种相关商业双壳贝类的捕食风险。在实验室中,Venerupis corrugata、Cerastoderma edule和引入的Ruditapes philippinarum的幼体在连续两天内经受低盐度(5、10 和对照 35),然后暴露于贝类床中两种常见捕食者之一:海岸蟹Carcinus maenas和腹足动物Bolinus brandaris,一种存在于一些加利西亚贝类床中的非本土物种进行了两种类型的选择实验:一种为每个捕食者提供一种之前暴露于三种盐度之一的猎物,另一种为每个捕食者同时提供三种猎物,之前暴露于三种盐度中的一种。测量了捕食者的消费和C. maenas的捕食行为(处理时间、拒绝、消费率)。捕食率和觅食行为不同,B. brandarisC. maenas更通才。尽管如此,这两种捕食者的压力(盐度 5 和 10)都比没有压力的猎物要大得多。本地物种C. eduleV. corrugata的总体消费量大于R. philippinarum,可能是由于它们易受低盐度和物理特征的影响(例如,较薄的外壳,瓣膜裂开)。增加的降水可以改变贝类床的盐度梯度,从而通过捕食者 - 猎物的相互作用影响收获的双壳贝类的种群动态。

更新日期:2021-07-25
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