With a growing concern over rapid Antarctic ice loss in recent years, the Amundsen Sea, one of the fastest-melting areas in Antarctica, currently becomes a hotspot for the Earth sciences in the context of its linkage to global climate. As a center of strong physical and biological coupling processes, polynyas of the Amundsen Sea could act as sentinels of changes in atmosphere–ice–ocean interactions, offering a unique perspective into its sensitivity to climate variability. Here, we present a new, multiproxy-based high-resolution sedimentary record from the Amundsen Sea polynya, which provides new insights into environmental conditions of the region over the last 350 years and their linkages to climatic factors. Our results show that the polynya witnessed step-wise environmental shifts in parallel with the phases and strength of large-scale climate patterns, i.e., the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Notably, intersite correlation of on-shelf Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) intrusion signals at different locals suggests that the CDW may have gained increased access to the shelves at the time of a strong coupling of positive SAM and El Niño states. We tentatively speculate that anomalous large-scale atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns over the Southern Hemisphere, forced by increasing greenhouse gas levels, were strongly involved in the mid-20^th century CDW invigoration, which may be greater in scale that goes well beyond the Amundsen Sea region. This result is relevant to the current debate on spatial heterogeneity in the timing and phasing of major climatic events in Antarctica, underscoring an unambiguous connection of the Antarctic climate state to the large-scale ocean–atmosphere reorganizations. Our study also extends a growing evidence that today's global warming trend is expected to have a severe effect on future configuration of Antarctic continental ice-shelf environment.

近年来，随着人们对南极冰层快速流失的担忧日益加剧，阿蒙森海是南极洲融化速度最快的地区之一，鉴于其与全球气候的联系，目前已成为地球科学的热点。作为强大的物理和生物耦合过程的中心，阿蒙森海的冰间湖可以作为大气-冰-海洋相互作用变化的哨兵，为其对气候变化的敏感性提供独特的视角。在这里，我们展示了来自阿蒙森海冰穴的新的、基于多代理的高分辨率沉积记录，它为该地区过去 350 年来的环境条件及其与气候因素的联系提供了新的见解。我们的研究结果表明，冰湖见证了与大尺度气候模式的阶段和强度平行的逐步环境变化，即南方环形模式 (SAM) 和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动 (ENSO)。值得注意的是，不同地方的架上环极深水 (CDW) 入侵信号的站点间相关性表明，在正 SAM 和厄尔尼诺状态强耦合时，CDW 可能已经获得更多进入架子的机会。我们初步推测，受温室气体水平增加的影响，南半球异常的大规模大气和海洋环流模式强烈参与了 20 年中期。不同地方的架上环极深水 (CDW) 入侵信号的站点间相关性表明，在正 SAM 和厄尔尼诺状态强耦合时，CDW 可能已经获得更多进入架子的机会。我们初步推测，受温室气体水平增加的影响，南半球异常的大规模大气和海洋环流模式强烈参与了 20 年中期。不同地方的架上环极深水 (CDW) 入侵信号的站点间相关性表明，在正 SAM 和厄尔尼诺状态强耦合时，CDW 可能已经获得更多进入架子的机会。我们初步推测，受温室气体水平增加的影响，南半球异常的大规模大气和海洋环流模式强烈参与了 20 年中期。^个世纪CDW振兴，这可能是更大的规模远远超出阿蒙森海区域。这一结果与目前关于南极洲主要气候事件时间和阶段的空间异质性的争论有关，强调了南极气候状态与大规模海洋-大气重组之间的明确联系。我们的研究还扩展了越来越多的证据，即今天的全球变暖趋势预计将对南极大陆冰架环境的未来配置产生严重影响。