New psychoactive substances of synthetic cannabinoids are cannabinoid receptor agonists which interact with the endocannabinoid system. They have become alternatives to traditional drugs by criminals for profit. Rapid detection of synthetic cannabinoids became the primary task in forensic science. Direct analysis in real time-tandem mass spectrometry (DART-MS/MS) was used to establish a rapid screening method on 23 synthetic cannabinoids in human whole blood. First, 100 ng/mL synthetic cannabinoid standards were used for mass spectrometry optimization to determine the mass spectrum conditions. Then the temperature of DART ion source was optimized to 400 °C. Acetonitrile - Methanol (V/V = 4/1) was used for the pretreatment of biological samples. Finally，the samples were centrifuged and the supernatant was extracted for detection by the DART 12Dip-it automatic sampling system. The results show that the linear relationships range between 0.01 and 5 μg/mL, the coefficients of determination (R²) range from 0.99 to 1, the limits of detection (LODs) are all between 0.01 and 1 ng/mL, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of repeatability and intra-day and inter-day precision are all below 14%. The results indicate that the method would be suitable for the rapid screening of analytes which may contain synthetic cannabinoids. Meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of simple, efficient, fast and environmentally friendly, which provides effective data support for rapid screening of synthetic cannabinoids in forensic science. However, there are also some challenges such as screening in crime scene and manual error. In the future, with the development of science and technology, the improvement of portable equipment or others can effectively overcome the challenges.

合成大麻素的新型精神活性物质是与内源性大麻素系统相互作用的大麻素受体激动剂。它们已成为犯罪分子以牟利为目的的传统毒品的替代品。快速检测合成大麻素成为法医学的首要任务。使用实时串联质谱 (DART-MS/MS) 直接分析建立了对人全血中 23 种合成大麻素的快速筛查方法。首先，100 ng/mL 合成大麻素标准品用于质谱优化以确定质谱条件。然后将 DART 离子源的温度优化为 400 °C。乙腈 - 甲醇 (V/V = 4/1) 用于生物样品的预处理。最后将样品离心，提取上清液，用DART 12Dip-it自动进样系统检测。结果表明，线性关系范围在 0.01 和 5 μg/mL 之间，测定系数 (R²）范围从0.99到1，检测限（LODs）都在0.01到1ng/mL之间，重复性和日内和日间精密度的相对标准偏差（RSDs）都在14%以下。结果表明该方法适用于可能含有合成大麻素的分析物的快速筛选。同时，该方法具有简单、高效、快速、环保的特点，为法医学中合成大麻素的快速筛选提供了有效的数据支持。然而，也存在一些挑战，例如犯罪现场筛查和人为错误。未来，随着科学技术的发展，便携式设备或其他设备的改进可以有效地克服挑战。