With a diverse set of neuronal and glial cell populations, Central Nervous System (CNS) has one of the most complex structures in the body. Intercellular communication is therefore highly important to coordinate cell-to-cell interactions. Besides electrical and chemical messengers, CNS cells also benefit from another communication route, what is known as extracellular vesicles, to harmonize their interactions. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) and their subtype exosomes are membranous particles secreted by cells and contain information packaged in the form of biomolecules such as small fragments of DNA, lipids, miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins. They are able to efficiently drive changes upon their arrival to recipient cells. EVs actively participate in all stages of CNS development by stimulating neural cell proliferation, differentiation, synaptic formation, and mediating reciprocal interactions between neurons and oligodendrocyte for myelination process. The aim of the present review is to enlighten the presence and contribution of EVs at each CNS developmental milestone.

中枢神经系统 (CNS) 拥有多样化的神经元和神经胶质细胞群，是体内最复杂的结构之一。因此，细胞间通讯对于协调细胞间相互作用非常重要。除了电和化学信使外，CNS 细胞还受益于另一种通讯途径，即所谓的细胞外囊泡，以协调它们的相互作用。细胞外囊泡 (EV) 及其亚型外泌体是细胞分泌的膜状颗粒，包含以生物分子形式包装的信息，例如 DNA、脂质、miRNA、mRNA 和蛋白质的小片段。他们能够在到达受体细胞后有效地推动变化。电动汽车通过刺激神经细胞增殖、分化、突触形成，并介导神经元和少突胶质细胞之间的相互作用以进行髓鞘形成过程。本综述的目的是启发 EV 在每个 CNS 发展里程碑中的存在和贡献。