Serotonin (5-HT) is known to play a critical role in regulation of essential neural processes, whereas more recent research highlights serotonin's modulatory effects on cognition and executive functioning. Current examinations have identified specific serotonin receptors for their direct impact on behavioral flexibility. Providing definitive evidence for the impact of specific receptor targets on behavioral flexibility is difficult, due to the range of behavioral tests used. Due to limited studies and the sheer amount of different serotonin receptor targets, beginning to bring these studies together is important for the field. Our current review of the literature aims to differentiate how modulation of specific 5-HT receptors affects behavioral flexibility. Although more studies have examined 5-HT_2A, 5-HT_2C, and 5-HT₆ receptors, it is unclear why this is the case. Above all, there are some paradoxical results pertaining to these receptor targets. There is a clear distinction between 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_2C, which conveys that these two receptor subtypes have inverse effects when compared to each other. In addition, some findings support one another, such as upregulation of 5-HT₆ receptors impairs flexibility, while blockade alleviates this impairment in both drug-induced and disease model rodent studies. Further understanding how modulatory effects of specific 5-HT receptors impact behavioral flexibility is imperative to advance the development of new therapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders afflicted by behavioral inflexibility.

众所周知，血清素 (5-HT) 在调节基本神经过程中起着关键作用，而最近的研究则强调了血清素对认知和执行功能的调节作用。目前的检查已经确定了特定的血清素受体对行为灵活性的直接影响。由于使用的行为测试范围，很难为特定受体靶标对行为灵活性的影响提供明确的证据。由于研究有限以及不同血清素受体靶点的数量庞大，开始将这些研究结合起来对该领域很重要。我们目前对文献的回顾旨在区分特定 5-HT 受体的调节如何影响行为灵活性。虽然更多的研究已经检查了 5-HT _2A , 5-HT_2C和 5-HT ₆受体，尚不清楚为什么会这样。最重要的是，有一些与这些受体靶点有关的矛盾结果。_{5-HT 2A}和5-HT _2C之间有明显的区别，这表明这两种受体亚型在相互比较时具有相反的作用。此外，一些发现相互支持，例如 5-HT _6的上调受体会损害灵活性，而在药物诱导和疾病模型啮齿动物研究中，阻断可以减轻这种损害。进一步了解特定 5-HT 受体的调节作用如何影响行为灵活性对于推动针对受行为不灵活影响的神经精神疾病的新疗法的开发至关重要。