当前位置: X-MOL 学术Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
COVID-19 Reveals Vulnerabilities of the Food–Energy–Water Nexus to Viral Pandemics
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 10.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-23 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00291
Ryan S D Calder 1, 2, 3, 4 , Caitlin Grady 5, 6 , Marc Jeuland 7, 8, 9 , Christine J Kirchhoff 10 , Rebecca L Hale 11 , Rebecca L Muenich 12
Affiliation  

Food, energy, and water (FEW) sectors are inextricably linked, making one sector vulnerable to disruptions in another. Interactions between FEW systems, viral pandemics, and human health have not been widely studied. We mined scientific and news/media articles for causal relations among FEW and COVID-19 variables and qualitatively characterized system dynamics. Food systems promoted the emergence and spread of COVID-19, leading to illness and death. Major supply-side breakdowns were avoided (likely due to low morbidity/mortality among working-age people). However, COVID-19 and physical distancing disrupted labor and capital inputs and stressed supply chains, while creating economic insecurity among the already vulnerable poor. This led to demand-side FEW insecurities, in turn increasing susceptibility to COVID-19 among people with many comorbidities. COVID-19 revealed trade-offs such as allocation of water to hygiene versus to food production and disease burden avoided by physical distancing versus disease burden from increased FEW insecurities. News/media articles suggest great public interest in FEW insecurities triggered by COVID-19 interventions among individuals with low COVID-19 case-fatality rates. There is virtually no quantitative analysis of any of these trade-offs or feedbacks. Enhanced quantitative FEW and health models are urgently needed as future pandemics are likely and may have greater morbidity and mortality than COVID-19.

中文翻译:

COVID-19 揭示了食物-能源-水关系对病毒大流行的脆弱性

食品、能源和水 (FEW) 部门之间有着千丝万缕的联系,使得一个部门很容易受到另一个部门的干扰。FEW 系统、病毒流行和人类健康之间的相互作用尚未得到广泛研究。我们挖掘了科学和新闻/媒体文章,以了解 FEW 和 COVID-19 变量之间的因果关系以及定性表征的系统动力学。粮食系统促进了 COVID-19 的出现和传播,导致疾病和死亡。避免了重大的供应方崩溃(可能是由于劳动年龄人口的发病率/死亡率较低)。然而,COVID-19 和保持社交距离扰乱了劳动力和资本投入,给供应链带来压力,同时给本已脆弱的穷人带来了经济不安全感。这导致了需求方的 FEW 不安全感,进而增加了患有多种合并症的人群对 COVID-19 的易感性。COVID-19揭示了一些权衡,例如卫生用水分配与粮食生产分配,以及通过物理距离避免的疾病负担与少数人不安全感增加带来的疾病负担。新闻/媒体文章表明,公众对 COVID-19 病死率较低的个人中由 COVID-19 干预措施引发的 FEW 不安全感表现出极大的兴趣。实际上没有对任何这些权衡或反馈进行定量分析。迫切需要增强定量 FEW 和健康模型,因为未来可能发生流行病,并且发病率和死亡率可能比 COVID-19 更高。
更新日期:2021-08-10
down
wechat
bug