Al/CuO nanothermites have displayed unique catalytic activities in accelerating the thermolysis of nitrocellulose (NC) and combustion characteristics of AP/HTPB propellant depending on the morphology of CuO. The kinetic triplet of NC-based composites was determined by multi- isoconversional methods, whereas the reaction models were reconstructed by employing a modified Šesták–Berggren equation based on the combined kinetic analysis. DSC and TG-FTIR results revealed that CuO and Al/CuO play crucial roles in accelerating the dissociation of –O–NO₂ bond and the coacervate phase to change the pyrolysis mechanism of NC from an autocatalytic reaction to a modified n-th order reaction model. It was also demonstrated that nanothermites were provided with a low starting temperature of pyrolysis, reduced exothermic peak temperature, low activation energy, and high total weight loss, confirming their better catalytic activity than their corresponding CuO, of which Al/CuO nanothermite, containing the gypsophila paniculata-like CuO, performs the best. Further, the shape of CuO was found to be significant in enhancing the burning rate of AP/HTPB propellant containing thermites, with the gypsophila paniculata-like presenting the best catalytic effect (43% improvement). Hence, introducing well-defined nanostructures is a promising way to improve the pyrolysis and combustion of energetic materials.

Al/CuO 纳米铝热剂在加速硝化纤维素 (NC) 的热解和 AP/HTPB 推进剂的燃烧特性方面表现出独特的催化活性，具体取决于 CuO 的形态。NC 基复合材料的动力学三重态是通过多重等转化方法确定的，而反应模型是通过采用基于组合动力学分析的修正 Šesták-Berggren 方程重建的。DSC 和 TG-FTIR 结果表明，CuO 和 Al/CuO 在加速-O-NO ₂键和凝聚相的解离中起关键作用，从而将NC 的热解机制从自催化反应转变为改性n-th 级反应模型。还证明纳米铝热剂具有较低的热解起始温度、较低的放热峰温度、较低的活化能和较高的总重量损失，证实它们比相应的 CuO 具有更好的催化活性，其中 Al/CuO 纳米铝热剂含有gypsophila paniculata-like CuO，表现最好。此外，发现 CuO 的形状对提高含铝热剂的 AP/HTPB 推进剂的燃烧速度有显着影响，其中类似满天星的催化效果最好（提高了 43%）。因此，引入明确定义的纳米结构是改善含能材料热解和燃烧的一种很有前景的方法。