Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been widely used as “smart” containers in the field of metal corrosion protection, and have broad industrial prospects. It is environmentally friendly and feasible to use aliphatic carboxylates and corresponding acids as substitutes for harmful corrosion inhibitors. However, previous studies rarely involved comparing the anti-corrosion mechanisms of different aliphatic acids modified on the LDH surface, and the durability of the prepared coatings also needs to be improved. In this work, MgAl-LDH laminates were grown in situ on AZ31 substrates by a hydrothermal method, and then modified by sodium laurate (SL) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). Due to the physical barrier effect of the LDH layers, the spatial repulsion effect of the air film and the ion exchange reactions in the interlayer galleries, the functional coatings prepared exhibit smart and superior anti-corrosion performance on the magnesium substrates in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Compared with LDH-SDBS-8 coating, the obtained superhydrophobic LDH-SL-8 coating shows more excellent long-term corrosion protection owing to the stronger intercalation capacity.

层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）作为“智能”容器广泛应用于金属防腐领域，具有广阔的产业前景。使用脂肪族羧酸盐和相应的酸作为有害缓蚀剂的替代品是环保可行的。然而，以往的研究很少涉及比较不同脂肪酸在LDH表面改性的防腐机理，制备的涂层的耐久性也有待提高。在这项工作中，MgAl-LDH 层压板通过水热法在 AZ31 基板上原位生长，然后用月桂酸钠 (SL) 和十二烷基苯磺酸钠 (SDBS) 改性。由于LDH层的物理屏障效应、空气膜的空间排斥效应和层间通道中的离子交换反应，制备的功能涂层在 3.5 wt.% NaCl 溶液中对镁基材表现出智能和优异的防腐性能。与LDH-SDBS-8涂层相比，获得的超疏水LDH-SL-8涂层由于具有更强的插层能力，表现出更优异的长期腐蚀保护。