Introducing openings in joists of flooring systems is usually necessary to pass through building services without increasing the floor-to-floor height. The openings reduce the stiffness and limits the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the timber beams by promoting tensile stresses perpendicular to the grain and longitudinal splitting shear stresses. Furthermore, quasi-brittle failure of the timber in shear and tension (promoted by openings) leads to localisation of strain, spurious numerical sensitivities and ultimately poor or erroneous damage initiation and failure load predicted by finite element (FE) models. In this paper, a nonlocal continuum damage model is proposed and implemented to alleviate the FE mesh dependency and strain localisation problems in failure analysis of the timber beams with openings. Benchmark experimental results obtained from bending test on Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) and Glued Laminated Timber (GLT or glulam) beams with openings are briefly presented and then accuracy of the implemented nonlocal FE model is validated against the benchmark test results and experimental data available in the literature. It is demonstrated that the proposed nonlocal model can effectively resolve the spurious mesh sensitivity and accurately capture the failure modes and peak load-carrying capacity of timber beams with openings.

在地板系统的托梁中引入开口通常是必要的，以通过建筑服务而不增加地板到地板的高度。开口通过促进垂直于纹理的拉伸应力和纵向劈裂剪切应力来降低刚度并限制木梁的极限承载能力。此外，木材在剪切和拉伸中的准脆性破坏（由开口促进）导致应变局部化、虚假的数值敏感性以及最终由有限元 (FE) 模型预测的不良或错误的损坏启动和破坏载荷。在本文中，提出并实施了一种非局部连续介质损伤模型，以缓解带开口木梁失效分析中的有限元网格依赖性和应变局部化问题。简要介绍了从层压单板木材 (LVL) 和带开口的胶合层压木材（GLT 或胶合木）梁的弯曲测试中获得的基准实验结果，然后根据基准测试结果和可用的实验数据验证实施的非局部有限元模型的准确性文献。结果表明，所提出的非局部模型可以有效地解决虚假网格敏感性，并准确捕捉带开口木梁的破坏模式和峰值承载能力。