In-silico investigations are becoming an integral part of the development of novel biomedical devices, including dental implants. Using computer simulations can streamline the process by tuning different geometrical and structural features, emphasizing the osseointegration of the implant design a priori, leading to the optimal designs in preparation for in-vivo trails. This research aims to elucidate the interrelationship between 12 geometrical variables that holistically define the shape of the implant. The approach to achieve optimality hinged on coupling the finite element analysis results with the fractional factorial design method. The latter was used to determine the most influential variables during the screening process, followed by the parameter optimization process using the response surface method, regarding four different objectives, namely: bone-implant contact area, volume of trabecular bone dead cells, volume of cortical bone dead cells, and axial displacement. This resulted in reducing the number of virtual experiments and substantially decreasing the computational cost without compromising the accuracy of the solution. It was found that the optimized values improved the performance significantly. The validity of all models was verified by comparing optimized responses with simulation results. A sensitivity analysis was performed on all five optimized models to address the effect of friction coefficient on the implant-bone joint interaction. It was shown that the mechanical behavior of implant-bone would be independent in higher friction coefficients. The significance of this study is demonstrated in determining the most effective and optimized values of all possible geometrical parameters considering their singular or interactive effects.

中文翻译：

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牙种植体几何参数的多目标设计优化

计算机模拟研究正在成为包括牙科植入物在内的新型生物医学设备开发中不可或缺的一部分。使用计算机模拟可以通过调整不同的几何和结构特征来简化该过程，强调先验植入物设计的骨整合，从而获得最佳设计，为体内试验做准备。本研究旨在阐明从整体上定义种植体形状的 12 个几何变量之间的相互关系。实现最优的方法取决于将有限元分析结果与部分因子设计方法相结合。后者用于确定筛选过程中最有影响的变量，然后是使用响应面方法的参数优化过程，针对四个不同的目标，即：骨-种植体接触面积、骨小梁死细胞体积、皮质骨死细胞体积和轴向位移。这导致减少了虚拟实验的数量并在不影响解决方案准确性的情况下显着降低了计算成本。发现优化值显着提高了性能。通过将优化响应与仿真结果进行比较，验证了所有模型的有效性。对所有五个优化模型进行了敏感性分析，以解决摩擦系数对种植体-骨关节相互作用的影响。结果表明，种植体-骨的力学行为在较高的摩擦系数下是独立的。