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Hydrothermal carbonization of biowaste as an alternative treatment path to current waste management practices in Germany
Energy Conversion and Management ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114433
Niklas Stobernack 1 , Felix Mayer 2 , Christian Malek 1 , Ramchandra Bhandari 2 , Himanshu Himanshu 1
Affiliation  

Instead of an exclusive composting of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), anaerobic digestion (AD) has emerged as a widely used upstream process in Germany to additionally harvest energy from this waste stream. However, the energy potential is not fully exploited as only easily biodegradable material undergoes AD. Additionally, a high potential of CH4 and N2O emissions during the composting and spreading of compost may result in an overall high global warming potential (GWP) from these treatment paths. In this study, nine alternative or additional treatment options to AD followed by composting were investigated. For all treatment paths, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) reflected a central component and was connected to a downstream energy exploitation step by means of gasification or co-combustion. All treatment paths were dynamically modeled with regards to their energetic performance and evaluated against their exergetic efficiency. The datasets on energy consumption and production formed the basis for determining the global warming potential (GWP) according to a life cycle assessment approach. The functional unit was the production and export of exergy. The assessment showed that the incorporation of an HTC step was able to increase the net exergy exploitation by up to 93% in comparison to a treatment path consisting of AD and composting. Simultaneously, the GWP was reduced by 30%. Here, preferential treatment paths combined AD with HTC.



中文翻译:

生物废物的水热碳化作为德国当前废物管理实践的替代处理途径

厌氧消化 (AD) 已成为德国广泛使用的上游工艺,以从这种废物流中额外收集能量,而不是对城市固体废物的有机部分 (OFMSW) 进行独家堆肥。然而,能量潜力并未得到充分利用,因为只有易于生物降解的材料才会经历 AD。此外,CH 4和 N 2的高潜力堆肥过程中的 O 排放可能会导致这些处理路径的全球变暖潜能值 (GWP) 总体较高。在这项研究中,研究了九种替代或额外的 AD 治疗方案,然后进行堆肥。对于所有处理路径,水热碳化 (HTC) 反映了一个核心组件,并通过气化或共燃与下游能源开发步骤相连。所有治疗路径都根据其能量表现动态建模,并根据其运动效率进行评估。能源消耗和生产数据集构成了根据生命周期评估方法确定全球变暖潜能值 (GWP) 的基础。功能单元是火用的生产和输出。评估表明,与由 AD 和堆肥组成的处理路径相比,HTC 步骤的结合能够将净火用利用增加多达 93%。同时,GWP 降低了 30%。在这里,优惠待遇路径结合了 AD 和 HTC。

更新日期:2021-07-23
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