We studied changes in the subpopulation composition and phagocytic activity of monocytes in patients with kidney cancer under the influence of metabolites of the tumor microenvironment in vitro (lactate, ADP, and glutamate). Incubation with metabolites caused similar shifts in the monocyte subsets in kidney cancer patients (an increase in the relative content of classical CD14⁺⁺CD16^— monocytes and a decrease in the content of the fraction of intermediate CD14⁺⁺CD16⁺ monocytes), but different changes in their phagocytic activity. The regulatory effect of metabolites on cells is realized by various mechanisms: receptor, metabolic, and epigenomic. The reactions of monocytes to metabolites in vitro confirm the existence of a distant metabolic effect of the tumor on blood cells that should be taken into account when developing new immunotherapeutic methods.

我们研究了在体外肿瘤微环境代谢物（乳酸、ADP 和谷氨酸）的影响下肾癌患者亚群组成和单核细胞吞噬活性的变化。与代谢物孵育导致肾癌患者单核细胞亚群发生类似变化（经典 CD14 ⁺⁺ CD16 ^-单核细胞的相对含量增加，中间 CD14 ⁺⁺ CD16 ⁺单核细胞部分的含量减少），但不同其吞噬活性的变化。代谢物对细胞的调节作用是通过多种机制实现的：受体、代谢和表观基因组。体外单核细胞对代谢物的反应 确认肿瘤对血细胞的远距离代谢影响的存在，在开发新的免疫治疗方法时应考虑到这一点。