In 1935, Walter Paepcke, president of the Chicago packaging company Container Corporation of America (CCA), established an art department under the direction of Egbert Jacobson, whom he tasked with the development of a comprehensive corporate design programme. This article examines how CCA’s publicity translated the company’s vertically integrated organizational structure into visual form. In addition to promoting the benefits of paperboard packaging, CCA’s advertisements and other graphic visualizations also sold ‘integration’ itself—defined as the combination of separate parts to create new wholes—as both an economic and a visual ideal. By creating a managerial apparatus that combined techniques of vertical and visual integration, Paepcke and Jacobson established an ideological, rather than simply pragmatic, relationship between business and design.

中文翻译：

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美国集装箱公司的垂直和视觉整合

1935 年，芝加哥包装公司 Container Corporation of America (CCA) 的总裁 Walter Paepcke 在 Egbert Jacobson 的指导下成立了一个艺术部门，他的任务是开发一个全面的企业设计方案。本文探讨了 CCA 的宣传如何将公司垂直整合的组织结构转化为视觉形式。除了宣传纸板包装的好处之外，CCA 的广告和其他图形可视化也将“集成”本身（定义为将单独的部分组合成新的整体）作为一种经济和视觉理想来推销。通过创建一个结合垂直和视觉整合技术的管理机构，Paepcke 和 Jacobson 建立了一种意识形态，而不是简单的实用主义，