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How epidemic psychology works on Twitter: evolution of responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications ( IF 2.731 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-23 , DOI: 10.1057/s41599-021-00861-3
Luca Maria Aiello 1, 2 , Daniele Quercia 1, 3 , Ke Zhou 1 , Marios Constantinides 1 , Sanja Šćepanović 1 , Sagar Joglekar 1
Affiliation  

Disruptions resulting from an epidemic might often appear to amount to chaos but, in reality, can be understood in a systematic way through the lens of “epidemic psychology”. According to Philip Strong, the founder of the sociological study of epidemic infectious diseases, not only is an epidemic biological; there is also the potential for three psycho-social epidemics: of fear, moralization, and action. This work empirically tests Strong’s model at scale by studying the use of language of 122M tweets related to the COVID-19 pandemic posted in the U.S. during the whole year of 2020. On Twitter, we identified three distinct phases. Each of them is characterized by different regimes of the three psycho-social epidemics. In the refusal phase, users refused to accept reality despite the increasing number of deaths in other countries. In the anger phase (started after the announcement of the first death in the country), users’ fear translated into anger about the looming feeling that things were about to change. Finally, in the acceptance phase, which began after the authorities imposed physical-distancing measures, users settled into a “new normal” for their daily activities. Overall, refusal of accepting reality gradually died off as the year went on, while acceptance increasingly took hold. During 2020, as cases surged in waves, so did anger, re-emerging cyclically at each wave. Our real-time operationalization of Strong’s model is designed in a way that makes it possible to embed epidemic psychology into real-time models (e.g., epidemiological and mobility models).



中文翻译:

流行心理学如何在 Twitter 上发挥作用:美国对 COVID-19 大流行的反应演变

由流行病引起的中断可能经常看起来相当于混乱,但实际上,可以通过“流行病心理学”的视角系统地理解。在流行传染病社会学研究的创始人菲利普·斯特朗看来,它不仅是一种流行的生物;还有可能出现三种心理社会流行病:恐惧、道德化和行动。这项工作通过研究 2020 年全年在美国发布的与 COVID-19 大流行相关的 1.22 亿条推文的语言使用情况,对 Strong 的模型进行了大规模的实证测试。在 Twitter 上,我们确定了三个不同的阶段。它们中的每一个都以三种心理社会流行病的不同制度为特征。在拒绝阶段,尽管其他国家的死亡人数不断增加,但用户拒绝接受现实。在愤怒阶段(在该国宣布首例死亡后开始),用户的恐惧转化为对即将发生变化的迫在眉睫的感觉的愤怒。最后,在当局实施物理疏远措施后开始的接受阶段,用户开始适应日常活动的“新常态”。总体而言,随着时间的推移,拒绝接受现实逐渐消失,而接受越来越多。在 2020 年,随着案件的激增,愤怒也在不断涌现,每一波都周期性地重新出现。我们对 Strong 模型的实时操作的设计方式可以将流行病心理学嵌入实时模型(例如,流行病学和流动性模型)中。用户的恐惧转化为对即将发生变化的迫在眉睫的感觉的愤怒。最后,在当局实施物理疏远措施后开始的接受阶段,用户开始适应日常活动的“新常态”。总体而言,随着时间的推移,拒绝接受现实逐渐消失,而接受越来越多。在 2020 年,随着案件的激增,愤怒也在不断涌现,每一波都周期性地重新出现。我们对 Strong 模型的实时操作的设计方式可以将流行病心理学嵌入实时模型(例如,流行病学和流动性模型)中。用户的恐惧转化为对即将发生变化的迫在眉睫的感觉的愤怒。最后,在当局实施物理疏远措施后开始的接受阶段,用户开始适应日常活动的“新常态”。总体而言,随着时间的推移,拒绝接受现实逐渐消失,而接受越来越多。在 2020 年,随着案件的激增,愤怒也在不断涌现,每一波都周期性地重新出现。我们对 Strong 模型的实时操作的设计方式可以将流行病心理学嵌入实时模型(例如,流行病学和流动性模型)中。用户的日常活动进入了“新常态”。总体而言,随着时间的推移,拒绝接受现实逐渐消失,而接受越来越占据上风。在 2020 年,随着案件的激增,愤怒也在不断涌现,每一波都周期性地重新出现。我们对 Strong 模型的实时操作的设计方式可以将流行病心理学嵌入实时模型(例如,流行病学和流动性模型)中。用户的日常活动进入了“新常态”。总体而言,随着时间的推移,拒绝接受现实逐渐消失,而接受越来越多。在 2020 年,随着案件的激增,愤怒也在不断涌现,每一波都周期性地重新出现。我们对 Strong 模型的实时操作的设计方式可以将流行病心理学嵌入实时模型(例如,流行病学和流动性模型)中。

更新日期:2021-07-23
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