This study reveals a synergy between an industrial waste (sulfur) and an urban waste (waste cooking oil). It further explores how sulfur binds to hydrocarbon derivatives in the presence of waste cooking oil to create a solution for enhancing sustainability of the built environment. Here, we chose a high-sulfur bitumen (hydrocarbons of high molecular weight) modified with a waste cooking oil rich in alkenes. Changes in the physicochemical and rheological properties of bitumen were used to track the extent of sulfur's binding to hydrocarbon derivatives. The study results show that sulfur radicals attack the double bonds of bio-oil molecules leading to an addition reaction. Our analysis via Density Functional Theory (DFT) showed the latter reaction involves a two-step process: first, the sulfur radical attacks alkene groups of bio-oils; and second, the reaction stabilizes the resulting molecule. It was also showed that the second step releases four times the free energy of the first radical attack. The latter addition reaction leads to strong intermolecular interactions and formation of sulfur-carbon bonds within the bitumen matrix, enhancing bitumen's rheological properties and subsequently its performance properties. Our computational modeling was supported by spectroscopic and rheometric analysis showing an increase in sulfur-carbon bonds as well as a significant increase in bitumen's complex shear modulus. Study results provide comprehensive insights into the stabilization of sulfur elements within bitumen modified with waste cooking oil. Considering that sulfur is a major indusial waste and waste cooking oil is a major urban waste, their synergistic application in bituminous composites mostly used in outdoor construction promotes resource conservation and sustainability of the built environment.

这项研究揭示了工业废物（硫）和城市废物（废食用油）之间的协同作用。它还进一步探讨了硫如何在存在废食用油的情况下与碳氢化合物衍生物结合，以创造一种提高建筑环境可持续性的解决方案。在这里，我们选择了一种用富含烯烃的废弃食用油改性的高硫沥青（高分子量烃）。沥青的物理化学和流变特性的变化被用来追踪硫与碳氢化合物衍生物的结合程度。研究结果表明，硫自由基攻击生物油分子的双键，导致加成反应。我们通过密度泛函理论 (DFT) 进行的分析表明，后一个反应涉及两个步骤：首先，硫自由基攻击生物油的烯烃基团；其次，反应稳定了所得分子。还表明，第二步释放的自由能是第一次自由基攻击的四倍。后一种加成反应导致强烈的分子间相互作用并在沥青基质内形成硫-碳键，从而增强了沥青的流变特性，进而增强了其性能。我们的计算模型得到光谱和流变分析的支持，显示硫碳键增加以及沥青的复剪切模量显着增加。研究结果提供了对用废食用油改性的沥青中硫元素的稳定性的全面见解。考虑到硫磺是主要的工业废物，废食用油是主要的城市废物，