We synthesized Sr- and W-doped BaTiO₃ (BTO) polycrystals by using a solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction results showed that Sr and W atoms occupied the Ba and Ti sites in tetragonal BTO, respectively, and there were changes in the lattice constants and the volumes in the Sr- and W-doped BTO. We found a change in the latent heat and the Curie temperature (T_C) during the transition between the ferroelectric and paraelectric phases while increasing the contents of Sr and W in the Sr- and W-doped BTO. This can be explained by the fact that the doping of Sr and W atoms in BTO prevented a distinct transition between the ferroelectric tetragonal and paraelectric cubic structures by decreasing the c/a ratio to a value close to unity. This study shows a way toward a strategy for modulating a crystal structure by using proper dopants for future applications in ferroelectricity-based devices.

中文翻译：

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Sr 和 W 掺杂 BaTiO3 固溶体中的铁电转变

我们使用固态反应方法合成了 Sr 和 W 掺杂的 BaTiO ₃ (BTO) 多晶。X 射线衍射结果表明 Sr 和 W 原子分别占据了四方 BTO 中的 Ba 和 Ti 位点，并且 Sr 和 W 掺杂的 BTO 的晶格常数和体积发生了变化。我们发现潜热和居里温度（T _C) 在铁电相和顺电相之间的转变期间，同时增加 Sr 和 W 掺杂的 BTO 中 Sr 和 W 的含量。这可以通过以下事实来解释，即 BTO 中 Sr 和 W 原子的掺杂通过将 c/a 比降低到接近 1 的值来防止铁电四方和顺电立方结构之间的明显转变。这项研究展示了一种通过使用适当的掺杂剂来调节晶体结构的策略，以用于未来铁电器件的应用。