This article presents analyses of select experiments from a comprehensive geotechnical centrifuge program to investigate topographic effects in single‐sided slopes. A unique benefit of centrifuge modeling is that it provides high‐resolution measurements of a thoroughly characterized “site” while fully preserving physical processes. The analyses were performed in the time and time–frequency domains to investigate mechanisms that produced the topographic effects. The results indicate that resonance at the slope’s topographic frequency is the principal driver of topographic effects. Site and topographic effects may combine at a slope crest to produce high levels of overall amplification. When topographic amplification occurs, the topographic zone of influence will vary depending on the ground‐motion wavelength and the influence of phasing when multiple frequency components are present in the ground motion. Ground‐motion complexities such as phase differences in response between a slope and the adjacent free field may serve to either amplify or de‐amplify earthquake ground motion near a slope.

中文翻译：

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地形效应的离心研究：动态响应机制

本文介绍了对综合岩土工程离心机程序中选定实验的分析，以研究单边斜坡的地形效应。离心机建模的一个独特优势是它提供了对彻底表征的“站点”的高分辨率测量，同时完全保留了物理过程。分析是在时域和时频域中进行的，以研究产生地形效应的机制。结果表明，斜坡地形频率的共振是地形效应的主要驱动因素。场地和地形效应可能会在斜坡顶部结合，以产生高水平的整体放大。当地形放大发生时，当地震动中存在多个频率分量时，地形影响区域将根据地震动波长和相位影响而变化。地面运动的复杂性，例如斜坡和相邻自由场之间响应的相位差，可能有助于放大或减弱斜坡附近的地震地面运动。