Background

Family resilience and its role in behavioral and mental health problems has not been well documented among U.S. adolescents, especially those with ADHD.

Methods

Using data from the 2016 and 2017 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), we examined associations between family resilience connection index (FRCI) and conduct problems, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse in adolescents with ADHD aged 11–17 (n=4,169). Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and chi-square tests.

Results

Adolescents with ADHD who had a lower FRCI score were more likely to have conduct problems (OR:1.64, CI:1.13–2.38) and depression (OR: 3.08, CI: 2.12–4.49). There were small differences between adjusted and unadjusted odds after controlling for adverse childhood experience and other covariates.

Limitation

We could not assert prediction or causation, only associations among variables, due to the cross-sectional design of the 2016–2017 NSCH; however, a major advantage of the NSCH is that it includes a nationally representative sample of children and allows inferences to be made for understanding of the adolescents with ADHD in the U.S.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that family resilience may serve as a protective factor that leads to decreasing conduct problems, despite experiencing adversity in childhood. Targeting family resilience, in terms of teaching families ways to cope with adversities such as: a child's diagnosis of ADHD; behavioral problems, and/or other adverse experiences in children's environments, has great potential to reduce adolescents’ conduct and mental health problems.

中文翻译：

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多动症青少年的行为和心理健康问题：探索家庭韧性的作用

背景

在美国青少年，尤其是患有多动症的青少年中，家庭复原力及其在行为和心理健康问题中的作用尚未得到很好的记录。

方法

使用 2016 年和 2017 年全国儿童健康调查 (NSCH) 的数据，我们研究了家庭弹性联系指数 (FRCI) 与 11-17 岁多动症青少年的行为问题、抑郁、焦虑和药物滥用之间的关联（n = 4,169 ）。使用多元逻辑回归和卡方检验分析数据。

结果

FRCI 评分较低的 ADHD 青少年更有可能出现品行问题（OR：1.64，CI：1.13-2.38）和抑郁（OR：3.08，CI：2.12-4.49）。在控制了不良童年经历和其他协变量后，调整后和未调整后的几率之间存在微小差异。

局限性

由于 2016-2017 NSCH 的横截面设计，我们无法断言预测或因果关系，只能断言变量之间的关联；然而，NSCH 的一个主要优势是它包括具有全国代表性的儿童样本，并允许进行推断以了解美国患有 ADHD 的青少年

结论

研究结果表明，尽管在童年时期经历过逆境，但家庭韧性可能是一种保护因素，导致行为问题减少。针对家庭复原力，教授家庭应对逆境的方法，例如：儿童被诊断为多动症；行为问题和/或儿童环境中的其他不良经历，具有减少青少年行为和心理健康问题的巨大潜力。