The net position and the spreading performance are crucial for hydrodynamic performances of Antarctic krill trawl, which determine its fishing efficiency. In this paper, the hydrodynamic performance of an Antarctic krill trawl system (including trawler, cable, otter board and trawl) was studied by means of numerical simulation combined with full-scale measurement at sea. The numerical model was established based on finite element method and the principle of minimum potential energy was employed to determine the equilibrium configuration of the trawl system in uniform current. The Newton–Raphson method was applied to solve the equilibrium equation. A multi-wing vertical cambered otter board was designed and a series of wind tunnel model tests were carried on in order to explore the hydrodynamic performance (drag coefficient, lift coefficient and lift-drag ratio) of the otter board. By comparing the simulated results and the simulated results after correction with the experimental results at sea, the modified Tauti's law and the accuracy of the numerical method were verified. The results showed that the fishing vessel, the trawl and the otter board matched well on hydrodynamics. The effects of the warp length, the leg length, the towing speed and the angle of attack of the otter board on the net position, the spread of otter board and the spreading performance of net opening were analyzed. Scientific suggestions on the setting of each component of the trawl system were given based on the numerical simulation study. This paper could be regarded as a scientific reference for Antarctic krill trawl fishing operation.

网位和撒网性能对南极磷虾拖网的水动力性能至关重要，决定了其捕捞效率。本文通过数值模拟结合海上实测，研究了南极磷虾拖网系统（包括拖网渔船、电缆、水獭板和拖网）的水动力性能。基于有限元方法建立了数值模型，利用势能最小原理确定了匀流条件下拖网系统的平衡构型。应用牛顿-拉夫森方法求解平衡方程。设计了一种多翼垂直弧形水獭板，并进行了一系列风洞模型试验，以探索其水动力性能（阻力系数、水獭板的升力系数和升阻比）。通过将模拟结果和修正后的模拟结果与海上实验结果进行对比，验证了修正的Tauti定律和数值方法的准确性。结果表明，渔船、拖网和水獭板在流体动力学方面匹配良好。分析了经线长度、腿长、拖曳速度和水獭板迎角对网位、水獭板张开度和网口张开性能的影响。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。通过将模拟结果和修正后的模拟结果与海上实验结果进行对比，验证了修正的Tauti定律和数值方法的准确性。结果表明，渔船、拖网和水獭板在流体动力学方面匹配良好。分析了经线长度、腿长、拖曳速度和水獭板迎角对网位、水獭板张开度和网口张开性能的影响。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。通过将模拟结果和修正后的模拟结果与海上实验结果进行对比，验证了修正的Tauti定律和数值方法的准确性。结果表明，渔船、拖网和水獭板在流体动力学方面匹配良好。分析了经线长度、腿长、拖曳速度和水獭板的攻角对网位、水獭板的张开和网口张开性能的影响。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。验证了修正的Tauti定律和数值方法的准确性。结果表明，渔船、拖网和水獭板在流体动力学方面匹配良好。分析了经线长度、腿长、拖曳速度和水獭板迎角对网位、水獭板张开度和网口张开性能的影响。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。验证了修正的Tauti定律和数值方法的准确性。结果表明，渔船、拖网和水獭板在流体动力学方面匹配良好。分析了经线长度、腿长、拖曳速度和水獭板迎角对网位、水獭板张开度和网口张开性能的影响。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。分析了水獭板在网位上的牵引速度和迎角、水獭板的张开和开网张开性能。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。分析了水獭板在网位上的牵引速度和迎角、水獭板的张开和开网张开性能。在数值模拟研究的基础上，对拖网系统各组成部分的设置提出了科学建议。本文可为南极磷虾拖网捕捞作业提供科学参考。