Textile electronics embedded in clothing represent an exciting new frontier for modern healthcare and communication systems. Fundamental to the development of these textile electronics is the development of the fibers forming the cloths into electronic devices. An electronic fiber must undergo diverse scrutiny for its selection for a multifunctional textile, viz., from the material selection to the device architecture, from the wearability to mechanical stresses, and from the environmental compatibility to the end-use management. Herein, the performance requirements of fiber-shaped electronics are reviewed considering the characteristics of single electronic fibers and their assemblies in smart clothing. Broadly, this article includes i) processing strategies of electronic fibers with required properties from precursor to material, ii) the state-of-art of current fiber-shaped electronics emphasizing light-emitting devices, solar cells, sensors, nanogenerators, supercapacitors storage, and chromatic devices, iii) mechanisms involved in the operation of the above devices, iv) limitations of the current materials and device manufacturing techniques to achieve the target performance, and v) the knowledge gap that must be minimized prior to their deployment. Lessons learned from this review with regard to the challenges and prospects for developing fiber-shaped electronic components are presented as directions for future research on wearable electronics.

中文翻译：

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纤维状电子器件

嵌入服装中的纺织电子产品代表了现代医疗保健和通信系统的一个令人兴奋的新领域。这些纺织电子产品发展的基础是将构成布料的纤维发展成电子设备。对于多功能纺织品的选择，电子纤维必须经过多种审查，即从材料选择到设备架构，从耐磨性到机械应力，从环境兼容性到最终使用管理。在此，考虑到单根电子纤维及其组件在智能服装中的特性，对纤维状电子产品的性能要求进行了综述。从广义上讲，本文包括 i) 具有从前体到材料所需特性的电子纤维的加工策略，ii) 强调发光器件、太阳能电池、传感器、纳米发电机、超级电容器存储和彩色器件的当前纤维状电子器件的最新技术，iii) 涉及上述器件操作的机制，iv) 限制实现目标性能的当​​前材料和设备制造技术，以及 v) 在部署之前必须最小化的知识差距。从这篇综述中吸取的关于开发纤维状电子元件的挑战和前景的经验教训，作为未来可穿戴电子设备研究的方向。iv) 当前材料和设备制造技术在实现目标性能方面的局限性，以及 v) 在部署之前必须最小化的知识差距。从这篇综述中吸取的关于开发纤维状电子元件的挑战和前景的经验教训，作为未来可穿戴电子设备研究的方向。iv) 当前材料和设备制造技术在实现目标性能方面的局限性，以及 v) 在部署之前必须最小化的知识差距。从这篇综述中吸取的关于开发纤维状电子元件的挑战和前景的经验教训，作为未来可穿戴电子设备研究的方向。