Thymoquinone (TQ; 2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzo-1, 4-quinone), the main active constituent of Nigella sativa, has been proven to have great therapeutic properties in numerous in vivo and in vitro models. Nevertheless, this molecule is not yet in clinical trials, largely because of its poor bioavailability and hydrophobicity. This review examines the different activities of TQ, as well as various combination therapies, nanotechnologies and clinical trials involving TQ. The TQ nanoparticle formulation shows better bioavailability than free TQ, and it is time for clinical trials of these formulations to realize the potential of TQ as a therapeutic.

百里醌 (TQ; 2-isopropyl-5-methylbenzo-1, 4-quinone) 是Nigella sativa的主要活性成分，已被证明在许多体内和体外模型中具有很好的治疗特性。然而，这种分子还没有进入临床试验，主要是因为它的生物利用度和疏水性差。本综述探讨了 TQ 的不同活动，以及涉及 TQ 的各种联合疗法、纳米技术和临床试验。TQ 纳米颗粒制剂显示出比游离 TQ 更好的生物利用度，是时候对这些制剂进行临床试验，以实现 TQ 作为治疗剂的潜力。