Social exchange theory, the key theoretical framework in examining resident support, has often been criticized as ambiguous and difficult to measure. Extensive research has investigated the nature of resident support for tourism events, yet the role of a key construct, tolerance, has been underexplored. Building on the extant literature, this study conceptualizes and tests the theoretical construct of tolerance as a missing link to better understand, measure, and clarify the exchange process. The results suggest that resident tolerance partially mediates the effects of perceived benefits on resident support for events while fully mediating the effects of perceived costs on such support. In addition, resident empowerment is a critical factor explaining tolerance. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the major source of the unbalanced impacts of benefits and costs on support reported in previous studies. Findings also offer a more complete picture on how residents translate the perceived impacts of tourism events into support through tolerance.

社会交换理论是研究居民支持的关键理论框架，经常被批评为模棱两可且难以衡量。广泛的研究调查了居民对旅游活动的支持的性质，但对关键结构容忍的作用尚未得到充分探索。在现有文献的基础上，本研究将容忍的理论构建概念化并进行测试，作为一个缺失环节，以更好地理解、衡量和阐明交换过程。结果表明，居民容忍度部分地调节了感知收益对居民对事件支持的影响，同时完全调节了感知成本对此类支持的影响。此外，居民赋权是解释宽容的一个关键因素。本研究通过确定先前研究报告的收益和成本对支持的不平衡影响的主要来源，为文献做出了贡献。调查结果还提供了关于居民如何通过容忍将旅游事件的感知影响转化为支持的更完整图景。