For the first time, the composition and application of a multipurpose material, which is widely used on the Qin Terracotta Army statues, was investigated as an important material during the statues' production. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, polarizing microscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used in this study. The analyses revealed that this material consists of a protein binder containing animal glue and egg and inorganic fillers of ground pottery grains. The material is multifunctional and can be mainly used for bonding and flattening statues, while adding inorganic fillers into organic materials provides good strength and ageing resistance. This study will enhance the current understanding of the production of the Terracotta Army and provide a new perspective for conservation science from traditional crafts.

中文翻译：

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研究秦兵马俑上发现的一种古代多用途材料的成分和应用

首次将广泛应用于秦兵马俑雕像的多用途材料的组成和应用作为一种重要材料进行了研究。本研究采用X射线荧光光谱法、X射线衍射光谱法、偏光显微镜法和气相色谱-质谱法。分析表明，这种材料由含有动物胶和鸡蛋的蛋白质粘合剂以及磨碎的陶粒无机填料组成。该材料是多功能的，主要用于粘合和压平雕像，而在有机材料中添加无机填料可提供良好的强度和抗老化性。