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What Drives Successful Economic Diversification in Resource-Rich Countries?
The World Bank Research Observer ( IF 3.778 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-29 , DOI: 10.1093/wbro/lkaa001
Addisu A Lashitew 1 , Michael L Ross 2 , Eric Werker 3
Affiliation  

The “resource curse” is often understood to imply poor growth in the non-resource sectors of the economy, but research into the diversification performance of resource-rich countries is limited. This paper surveys recent evidence and identifies empirical patterns in the economic diversification of resource-rich countries. Diversification is measured using the growth of per capita non-resource (manufacturing and services) sectors in domestic and export markets, which has a cleaner interpretation than competing measures. This measure is used to evaluate the long-term diversification of countries that started off as resource-dependent, and to rank countries according to their performance. We then identify policy-relevant correlates of diversification at the national level, including the acquisition of human capital, public and intellectual capital, and firm dynamism. More resource-dependent countries appear to perform worse on measures of human capital and intellectual capital, but more resource-abundant countries perform better on public capital and human capital accumulation. We examine the mechanisms behind diversification performance through in-depth case studies of Oman, Laos, and Indonesia, and conclude by identifying policy lessons and future research directions.

中文翻译:

是什么推动了资源丰富国家成功的经济多元化?

“资源诅咒”通常被理解为经济的非资源部门增长缓慢,但对资源丰富国家多元化表现的研究是有限的。本文调查了最近的证据并确定了资源丰富国家经济多样化的经验模式。多元化是使用国内和出口市场人均非资源(制造业和服务业)部门的增长来衡量的,这比竞争性措施具有更清晰的解释。该指标用于评估一开始依赖资源的国家的长期多元化,并根据其表现对国家进行排名。然后,我们确定了国家层面多元化的政策相关因素,包括人力资本、公共和智力资本的获取,和坚定的活力。更多的资源依赖型国家在人力资本和智力资本方面的表现似乎更差,但资源丰富的国家在公共资本和人力资本积累方面表现更好。我们通过对阿曼、老挝和印度尼西亚的深入案例研究来研究多元化绩效背后的机制,并通过确定政策经验教训和未来研究方向得出结论。
更新日期:2020-03-29
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