Background: Women experience greater health consequences of alcohol compared to their male counterparts. In recent years, rates of drinking and heavy alcohol use have increased in women while remaining relatively steady in men. Thus, our aim was to newly examine associations between sex, AUD, and the presence of medical conditions in a large nationally representative, cross-sectional dataset. Methods: Using data from the U.S. National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III; n = 36,309), we evaluated relationships among sex and DSM-5 AUD, and their association with past year clinician-confirmed medical conditions. Results: Women were 1.5 to 2 times more likely to be diagnosed with a past year cancer, pain, respiratory, or other significant medical condition compared to men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.331–2.027). Individuals with an ongoing DSM-5 AUD were nearly 1.5 to 2 times more likely to report a confirmed past year liver, cardiovascular, cancer, or other significant medical condition compared to those without an AUD (OR = 1.437–2.073). Interactive effects demonstrated that women with an ongoing AUD were 2 to 3 times more likely to report a past year doctor- or health professional-confirmed medical condition compared to men; specifically, respiratory conditions and cancers (OR = 1.767–2.713). Conclusions: Results identify that AUD is a critical factor associated with disease that spans organ systems. Associations between AUD and respiratory conditions or cancers are particularly robust in women. Effective interventions for a broad spectrum of medical conditions should consider the role of problematic alcohol use, especially given that rates of drinking in women are increasing.

背景：与男性相比，女性对酒精的健康影响更大。近年来，女性的饮酒率和酗酒率有所上升，而男性则保持相对稳定。因此，我们的目标是在一个具有全国代表性的大型横截面数据集中重新检查性别、澳元和医疗状况之间的关联。方法：使用美国全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查（NESARC-III；n = 36,309）的数据，我们评估了性别与 DSM-5 AUD 之间的关系，以及它们与去年临床医生确认的医疗状况的关系。结果：与男性相比，女性在过去一年中被诊断出患有癌症、疼痛、呼吸系统疾病或其他重大疾病的可能性是男性的 1.5 到 2 倍（比值比[ OR ] = 1.331–2.027）。与没有 AUD 的人相比，持续 DSM-5 AUD 的人报告去年确诊的肝脏、心血管、癌症或其他重大疾病的可能性高近 1.5 到 2 倍 ( OR  = 1.437–2.073)。交互作用表明，与男性相比，患有持续 AUD 的女性报告过去一年经医生或健康专家确认的健康状况的可能性高 2 至 3 倍；具体而言，呼吸系统疾病和癌症 ( OR  = 1.767–2.713)。结论：结果确定 AUD 是与跨越器官系统的疾病相关的关键因素。澳元与呼吸系统疾病或癌症之间的关联在女性中尤为明显。针对广泛的医疗条件的有效干预措施应考虑到酒精使用问题的作用，特别是考虑到女性饮酒率正在上升。