Recent years have witnessed a much broader use of Brillouin inelastic light-scattering spectroscopy for the investigation of phonons and magnons in novel materials, nanostructures and devices. Driven by the developments in instrumentation and the strong need for accurate knowledge on the energies of elemental excitations, Brillouin–Mandelstam spectroscopy is rapidly becoming an essential technique that is complementary to Raman inelastic light-scattering spectroscopy. We provide an overview of recent progress in the Brillouin light-scattering technique, focusing on the use of this photonic method for the investigation of confined acoustic phonons, phononic metamaterials and magnon propagation and scattering. This Review emphasizes the emerging applications of Brillouin–Mandelstam spectroscopy for phonon-engineered structures and spintronic devices, and concludes with a perspective on future directions.

近年来，布里渊非弹性光散射光谱在新材料、纳米结构和器件中声子和磁振子的研究中得到了更广泛的应用。在仪器的发展和对元素激发能量准确知识的强烈需求的推动下，布里渊-曼德尔施塔姆光谱正迅速成为一种必不可少的技术，与拉曼非弹性光散射光谱相辅相成。我们概述了布里渊光散射技术的最新进展，重点介绍了使用这种光子方法研究受限声学声子、声子超材料和磁振子传播和散射。这篇综述强调了布里渊-曼德尔施塔姆光谱在声子工程结构和自旋电子器件中的新兴应用，