Alterations to the mechanical properties of the microenvironment are a hallmark of cancer. Elevated mechanical stresses exist in many solid tumors and elicit responses from cancer cells. Uncontrolled growth in confined environments gives rise to elevated solid compressive stress on cancer cells. Recruitment of leaky blood vessels and an absence of functioning lymphatic vessels causes a rise in the interstitial fluid pressure. Here we review the role of the cancer cell cytoskeleton and the nucleus in mediating both the initial and adaptive cancer cell response to these two types of mechanical stresses. We review how these mechanical stresses alter cancer cell functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, and migration.

中文翻译：

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分子癌细胞对固体压缩应力和间质流体压力的反应

微环境机械特性的改变是癌症的标志。许多实体瘤中存在升高的机械应力并引起癌细胞的反应。在密闭环境中不受控制的生长会导致癌细胞的固体压缩应力升高。渗漏血管的募集和功能性淋巴管的缺乏导致间质液压力升高。在这里，我们回顾了癌细胞细胞骨架和细胞核在介导初始和适应性癌细胞对这两种机械应力的反应中的作用。我们回顾了这些机械应力如何改变癌细胞的功能，例如增殖、凋亡和迁移。