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Membrane association of importin {alpha} facilitates viral entry into salivary gland cells of vector insects [Agricultural Sciences]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-27 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103393118
Yonghuan Ma 1, 2 , Hong Lu 1 , Wei Wang 1 , Jiaming Zhu 1, 2 , Wan Zhao 1, 2 , Feng Cui 2, 3
Affiliation  

The importin α family belongs to the conserved nuclear transport pathway in eukaryotes. However, the biological functions of importin α in the plasma membrane are still elusive. Here, we report that importin α, as a plasma membrane–associated protein, is exploited by the rice stripe virus (RSV) to enter vector insect cells, especially salivary gland cells. When the expression of three importin α genes was simultaneously knocked down, few virions entered the salivary glands of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Through hemocoel inoculation of virions, only importin α2 was found to efficiently regulate viral entry into insect salivary-gland cells. Importin α2 bound the nucleocapsid protein of RSV with a relatively high affinity through its importin β–binding (IBB) domain, with a dissociation constant KD of 9.1 μM. Furthermore, importin α2 and its IBB domain showed a distinct distribution in the plasma membrane through binding to heparin in heparan sulfate proteoglycan. When the expression of importin α2 was knocked down in viruliferous planthoppers or in nonviruliferous planthoppers before they acquired virions, the viral transmission efficiency of the vector insects in terms of the viral amount and disease incidence in rice was dramatically decreased. These findings not only reveal the specific function of the importin α family in the plasma membrane utilized by viruses, but also provide a promising target gene in vector insects for manipulation to efficiently control outbreaks of rice stripe disease.



中文翻译:

importin {alpha} 的膜结合促进病毒进入载体昆虫的唾液腺细胞 [农业科学]

输入蛋白 α 家族属于真核生物中保守的核转运途径。然而,importin α 在质膜中的生物学功能仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们报告了作为质膜相关蛋白的 importin α 被水稻条纹病毒(RSV)利用进入昆虫载体细胞,尤其是唾液腺细胞。当三个表达输入蛋白α基因被同时击倒,少数病毒体进入小褐飞虱的唾液腺,灰飞虱. 通过病毒粒子的血腔接种,发现只有输入蛋白 α2 能有效调节病毒进入昆虫唾液腺细胞。输入蛋白 α2 通过其输入蛋白 β 结合 (IBB) 结构域以相对高的亲和力结合 RSV 的核衣壳蛋白,解离常数K D为 9.1 μM。此外,通过与硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖中的肝素结合,输入蛋白 α2 及其 IBB 结构域在质膜中显示出明显的分布。当输入蛋白α2的表达在带病毒的飞虱或无带病毒的飞虱获得病毒体之前被击倒,载体昆虫的病毒传播效率在水稻中的病毒量和发病率显着降低。这些发现不仅揭示了病毒利用的质膜中输入蛋白 α 家族的特定功能,而且还为载体昆虫提供了一个有希望的靶基因,用​​于有效控制水稻条纹病的爆发。

更新日期:2021-07-22
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