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Effects of different levels of hypoxia and hypercarbia on ventilation and gas exchange in Boa constrictor amaralis and Crotalus durissus (Squamata: Serpentes)
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2021.103747
Gustavo Marega Oda 1 , Cléo Alacantara Costa Leite 2 , Augusto Shinya Abe 3 , Wilfried Klein 4
Affiliation  

Ventilation and gas exchange have been studied in relatively few species of snakes, especially regarding their response to environmental hypoxia or hypercarbia. We exposed Crotalus durissus (N = 6) and Boa constrictor (N = 6) to decreasing levels of oxygen (12, 9, 6, 3 % O2) and increasing levels of carbon dioxide (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 % CO2) and analyzed the effect of the different gas mixtures on ventilation and gas exchange using open-flow respirometry. Neither hypoxia nor hypercarbia significantly altered the duration of expiration or inspiration, nor their proportions. Both hypoxia and hypercarbia increased minute ventilation, but the decrease in oxygen had a less pronounced effect on ventilation. Gas exchange under normoxic conditions was low and was not significantly affected by hypoxia, but hypercarbia decreased gas exchange significantly in both species. While B. constrictor maintained its respiratory exchange ratio (RER) under hypercarbia between 0.5 and 1.0, C. durissus showed a RER above 1.0 during hypercarbia, due to a significantly greater CO2 excretion. The overall responses of both species to hypercarbia and especially to hypoxia were very similar, which could be associated to similar lifestyles as ambush hunting sit-and-wait predators that are able to ingest large prey items. The observed differences in gas exchange could be related to respiratory systems with macroscopically different structures, possessing only a tracheal lung in C. durissus, but two functional lungs in B. constrictor.



中文翻译:

不同程度的缺氧和高碳酸血症对蟒蛇和响尾蛇 (Squamata: Serpentes) 通气和气体交换的影响

已经在相对较少的蛇种中研究了通风和气体交换,特别是关于它们对环境缺氧或高碳酸血症的反应。我们将Crotalus durissus (N = 6) 和Boa constrictor (N = 6) 暴露于氧气含量降低 (12, 9, 6, 3 % O 2 ) 和二氧化碳含量增加 (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 % CO 2) 并使用开流呼吸测定法分析了不同气体混合物对通风和气体交换的影响。缺氧和高碳酸血症都没有显着改变呼气或吸气的持续时间,也没有显着改变它们的比例。缺氧和高碳酸血症都增加了每分钟通气量,但氧气减少对通气量的影响不太明显。常氧条件下的气体交换量很低,并且不受缺氧的显着影响,但高碳酸血症显着降低了两种物种的气体交换量。虽然B. constrictor在高碳酸血症下保持其呼吸交换比 (RER) 在 0.5 和 1.0 之间,但C. durissus在高碳酸血症期间表现出高于 1.0 的 RER,因为 CO 2显着增加排泄。这两个物种对高碳酸血症,尤其是对缺氧的总体反应非常相似,这可能与能够吞食大型猎物的伏击狩猎坐等捕食者的相似生活方式有关。观察到的气体交换差异可能与宏观结构不同的呼吸系统有关,C. durissus只有一个气管肺,但B. constrictor 有两个功能性肺。

更新日期:2021-07-30
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