This paper presents a dry grinding and carbonated ultrasound-assisted water leaching (CUAWL) process for recycling the black mass of spent lithium-ion batteries constituting anode material (graphite) and different cathode material combinations (LiCoO₂, LiMn₂O₄, and LiNiO₂). The inspiration of the method is to enhance selective Li₂CO₃ recovery and reduce energy requirements for evaporative crystallization while achieving maximum recovery of all the high-value metals. The influence of several factors, including roasting temperature, roasting time, grinding time, water leaching time, water leaching temperature, sonication, and CO₂ flow rate, on the leaching efficiency of metals are investigated. The SEM-EDS and XRD results depict that the mixture of anode and cathode material after reduction roasting under optimum conditions of 600 °C for 30 min was primarily transformed into Li₂CO₃, Ni, CoO, Co, and MnO. However, the selective recovery of Li with water leaching was low, and dry grinding followed by CUAWL was adopted to enhance the recovery rate. The optimized experimental results achieved improved results for selective recovery of Li of up to 92.25% for the mixture of multiple cathode materials (LiCoO₂, LiMn₂O₄, and LiNiO₂). The recovered leach solution (LiHCO₃) is subjected to evaporative crystallization to attain high-purity Li₂CO₃ (≥99.2%). Subsequently, over 99% of the high-value metals Ni, Mn, and Co could be leached out using 4 M H₂SO₄ without the addition of a reductant.

本文介绍了一种干磨和碳酸化超声辅助水浸 (CUAWL) 工艺，用于回收构成负极材料（石墨）和不同正极材料组合（LiCoO ₂、LiMn ₂ O ₄和 LiNiO ）的废锂离子电池的黑色物质。₂）。该方法的灵感是提高选择性 Li ₂ CO ₃回收率并降低蒸发结晶的能量需求，同时实现所有高价值金属的最大回收率。几个因素的影响，包括焙烧温度、焙烧时间、研磨时间、水浸时间、水浸温度、超声处理和CO ₂研究了流速对金属浸出效率的影响。SEM-EDS 和 XRD 结果表明，在 600 °C 最佳条件下还原焙烧 30 分钟后，正极和正极材料的混合物主要转化为 Li ₂ CO ₃、Ni、CoO、Co 和 MnO。然而，水浸对锂的选择性回收率较低，采用干磨后CUAWL提高回收率。优化的实验结果使多种正极材料（LiCoO ₂、LiMn ₂ O ₄和LiNiO ₂）的混合物的Li选择性回收率提高了92.25% 。回收的浸出液（LiHCO ₃) 进行蒸发结晶以获得高纯度的 Li ₂ CO ₃ (≥99.2%)。随后，在不添加还原剂的情况下，使用 4 MH ₂ SO ₄可以浸出超过 99% 的高价值金属 Ni、Mn 和 Co。