The events triggering and/or sustaining the auto-immune response underlying chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) are unknown. Similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a viral infection might play a role in CIDP. In this study, an virus detection method (VIDISCA-next generation sequencing) capable of detecting known and unknown viruses, was used to analyze the virome in serum of 47 CIDP patients at different time points of the disease and, when available, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (N: 17). Serum samples of GBS patients (N:24) and healthy controls (N:114) were used for comparisons. In 5/47 (10.6%; 95% CI: 4–23) CIDP samples, 10/24 (42%; 95% CI: 22–63) GBS samples and 32/114 (28.1%; 95% CI: 20–37) healthy controls samples, anelloviruses were detected, generally regarded as a non-pathogenic species. Parvovirus B19 and GB virus C were found in two CIDP samples (4%). Parvovirus B19, HIV-1 and GB virus C were found in three GBS samples (13%). In 2/17 CIDP CSF samples, an anellovirus and polyomavirus were detected, probably due to contamination during lumbar puncture. No sequences of other viruses were detected in serum or CSF. A (persistent) viral infection sustaining the auto-immune response in CIDP seems therefore unlikely.

引发和/或维持慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病 (CIDP) 潜在自身免疫反应的事件尚不清楚。与吉兰-巴雷综合征 (GBS) 类似，病毒感染可能在 CIDP 中起作用。在这项研究中，一种能够检测已知和未知病毒的病毒检测方法（VIDISCA-下一代测序）被用于分析 47 名 CIDP 患者在疾病不同时间点的血清中的病毒组，如果可用，还分析了脑脊液中的病毒组(CSF) 样品 (N: 17)。GBS 患者 (N:24) 和健康对照 (N:114) 的血清样本用于比较。在 5/47 (10.6%; 95% CI: 4–23) CIDP 样本、10/24 (42%; 95% CI: 22–63) GBS 样本和 32/114 (28.1%; 95% CI: 20– 37）健康对照样本，检测到指环病毒，一般视为非致病菌种。在两个 CIDP 样本中发现了细小病毒 B19 和 GB 病毒 C (4%)。在三个 GBS 样本中发现了细小病毒 B19、HIV-1 和 GB 病毒 C (13%)。在 2/17 CIDP CSF 样本中，检测到了一种环病毒和多瘤病毒，这可能是由于腰椎穿刺期间的污染。在血清或脑脊液中未检测到其他病毒的序列。因此，在 CIDP 中维持自身免疫反应的（持续性）病毒感染似乎不太可能。