Background

Mushrooms contain numerous bioactive compounds that may be associated with reduced anxiety including vitamin B12, nerve growth factor, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory agents. We hypothesized that mushroom consumption is associated with a lower risk of depression in American adults.

Methods

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2016 was used. Up to two days of 24 h dietary recall were analyzed to assess mushroom intake frequency. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, score ≥ 10). We used multivariable logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounding factors.

Results

Among 24,699 participants (mean (SE) age: 45.5 (0.3) years), the weighted prevalence of depression was 5.9%. Mushrooms were consumed by 5.2% of participants. Compared with the lowest tertile of mushroom intake, participants in the middle tertile (median intake = 4.9 g/d, number of cases = 16) had lower odds of depression (adjusted OR = 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16, 0.60) while those in the highest tertile did not differ (median intake = 19.6 g/d, adjusted OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.78, number of cases = 22) (P-trend = 0.42).

Limitations

Cross-sectional data and lack of information on specific types of mushrooms consumed.

Conclusion

Mushroom consumers had a lower odd of depression. However, we did not observe a dose-response relationship.

中文翻译：

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蘑菇摄入量和抑郁症：使用美国国家健康和营养调查 (NHANES) 数据进行的基于人群的研究，2005-2016

背景

蘑菇含有许多可能与减轻焦虑有关的生物活性化合物，包括维生素 B12、神经生长因子、抗氧化剂和抗炎剂。我们假设食用蘑菇与美国成年人患抑郁症的风险降低有关。

方法

使用了 2005-2016 年全国健康和营养检查调查的数据。分析长达两天的 24 小时饮食回忆以评估蘑菇的摄入频率。使用患者健康问卷（PHQ-9，评分≥10）测量抑郁症。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型，调整潜在的混杂因素。

结果

在 24,699 名参与者（平均 (SE) 年龄：45.5 (0.3) 岁）中，抑郁症的加权患病率为 5.9%。5.2% 的参与者食用了蘑菇。与蘑菇摄入量最低的三分位数相比，中间三分位数的参与者（平均摄入量 = 4.9 g/d，病例数 = 16）患抑郁症的几率更低（调整后的 OR = 0.31；95% 置信区间 [CI] 0.16, 0.60 ）而最高三分位数的人没有差异（平均摄入量 = 19.6 g/d，调整后的 OR = 0.91；95% CI：0.47, 1.78，病例数 = 22）（P 趋势 = 0.42）。

限制

横断面数据和缺乏关于所消费的特定类型蘑菇的信息。

结论

蘑菇消费者患抑郁症的几率较低。然而，我们没有观察到剂量反应关系。