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Chemical and biological catalysis for plastics recycling and upcycling
Nature Catalysis ( IF 37.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-22 , DOI: 10.1038/s41929-021-00648-4
Lucas D. Ellis 1 , Nicholas A. Rorrer 1 , Kevin P. Sullivan 1 , Gregg T. Beckham 1 , Maike Otto 2 , Nick Wierckx 2 , John E. McGeehan 3 , Yuriy Román-Leshkov 4
Affiliation  

Plastics pollution is causing an environmental crisis, prompting the development of new approaches for recycling, and upcycling. Here, we review challenges and opportunities in chemical and biological catalysis for plastics deconstruction, recycling, and upcycling. We stress the need for rigorous characterization and use of widely available substrates, such that catalyst performance can be compared across studies. Where appropriate, we draw parallels between catalysis on biomass and plastics, as both substrates are low-value, solid, recalcitrant polymers. Innovations in catalyst design and reaction engineering are needed to overcome kinetic and thermodynamic limitations of plastics deconstruction. Either chemical and biological catalysts will need to act interfacially, where catalysts function at a solid surface, or polymers will need to be solubilized or processed to smaller intermediates to facilitate improved catalyst–substrate interaction. Overall, developing catalyst-driven technologies for plastics deconstruction and upcycling is critical to incentivize improved plastics reclamation and reduce the severe global burden of plastic waste.



中文翻译:

用于塑料回收和升级的化学和生物催化

塑料污染正在引发环境危机,促使开发新的回收方法和升级再利用。在这里,我们回顾了塑料分解、回收和升级回收的化学和生物催化方面的挑战和机遇。我们强调需要对广泛可用的底物进行严格的表征和使用,以便可以在不同的研究中比较催化剂的性能。在适当的情况下,我们将生物质和塑料的催化作用相提并论,因为这两种底物都是低价值的、固体的、顽固的聚合物。需要在催化剂设计和反应工程方面进行创新,以克服塑料分解的动力学和热力学限制。化学和生物催化剂都需要在界面上起作用,其中催化剂在固体表面起作用,或者聚合物需要溶解或加工成更小的中间体,以促进改善催化剂-底物的相互作用。总体而言,开发用于塑料分解和升级的催化剂驱动技术对于激励改进塑料回收和减少塑料废物的严重全球负担至关重要。

更新日期:2021-07-22
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