European Respiratory Review ( IF 7.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-20 , DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0225-2020 Michele R Schaeffer 1, 2 , Jordan A Guenette 2, 3, 4 , Dennis Jensen 5, 6, 7
Ventilatory efficiency can be evaluated using the relationship between minute ventilation (V'E) and the rate of CO2 production (V'CO2). In accordance with the modified alveolar ventilation equation, this relationship is determined by changes in dead space volume (VD) and/or the arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) equilibrium point. In this review, we summarise the physiological factors that may account for normative ageing and pregnancy induced increases in V'E/V'CO2 during exercise. Evidence suggests that age-related increases in VD and pregnancy-related decreases in the PaCO2 equilibrium point are mechanistically linked to the increased V'E/V'CO2 during exercise. Importantly, the resultant increase in V'E/V'CO2 (ratio or slope), with normal ageing or pregnancy, remains below the critical threshold for prognostic indication in cardiopulmonary disease, is not associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes, and does not affect the respiratory system's ability to fulfil its primary role of eliminating CO2 and maintaining arterial oxygen saturation during exercise.
中文翻译:
衰老和怀孕对每分钟通气量/二氧化碳产生对运动反应的影响
可以使用每分钟通气量 ( V ' E ) 和 CO 2生成速率 ( V ' CO 2 )之间的关系来评估通气效率。根据修改后的肺泡通气方程,这种关系由死腔容积 ( V D ) 和/或动脉 CO 2张力 ( P aCO 2 ) 平衡点的变化决定。在这篇综述中,我们总结了可能导致正常衰老和妊娠引起的V ' E / V ' CO 2增加的生理因素在运动过程中。有证据表明,与年龄相关的V D增加和与怀孕相关的P aCO 2平衡点降低与运动期间V ' E / V ' CO 2增加有机械联系。重要的是,由此导致的V ' E / V ' CO 2增加(比率或斜率),在正常衰老或怀孕的情况下,仍然低于心肺疾病预后指标的临界阈值,与不良健康结果风险增加无关,并且不影响呼吸系统履行其消除主要作用的能力CO 2和运动期间维持动脉血氧饱和度。