Abstract

The coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 has caused more than 140 million infections worldwide by the end of April 2021. As an enveloped single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus, SARS-CoV-2 underwent constant evolution that produced novel variants carrying mutation conferring fitness advantages. The current prevalent D614G variant, with glycine substituted for aspartic acid at position 614 in the spike glycoprotein (S protein), is one of such variants that became the main circulating strain worldwide in a short period of time. Over the past year, intensive studies from all over the world had defined the epidemiological characteristics of this highly contagious variant and revealed the underlying mechanisms. This review aims at presenting an overall picture of the impacts of D614G mutation on virus transmission, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of D614G in virus pathogenicity, and providing insights into the development of effective therapeutics.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2 D614G 突变的病毒学影响

摘要

2019 年 12 月出现的由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 到 2021 年 4 月底已在全球造成超过 1.4 亿人感染。链正链 RNA 病毒，SARS-CoV-2 经历了不断的进化，产生了携带突变的新变体，赋予了适应性优势。目前流行的 D614G 变体，在刺突糖蛋白（S 蛋白）的 614 位用甘氨酸取代天冬氨酸，是在短时间内成为全球主要流行菌株的此类变体之一。在过去的一年里，来自世界各地的深入研究已经确定了这种高度传染性变异的流行病学特征，并揭示了潜在的机制。