Significance: Measurements of auditory ossicles displacement are commonly carried out by means of laser-Doppler vibrometry (LDV), which is considered to be a gold standard. The limitation of the LDV method, especially for in vivo measurements, is the necessity to expose an object in a straight line to a laser beam operating from a distance. An alternative to this approach is the use of a handheld laser-fiber vibrometry probe (HLFVP) with a curved tip. Aim: We evaluate the feasibility of an HLFVP with a curved tip for measuring sound-induced displacement of the auditory ossicles. Approach: A handheld vibrometer probe guiding the laser beam with a fiber-optic cable was used for displacement measurements of the incus body and the posterior crus of the stapes. Tonal stimuli at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz were presented by means of an insert earphone positioned in the outer ear canal. The probe was fixed at the measurement site using a tripod or hand-held by one of the two surgeons. Results: The measurements were carried out on six fresh temporal bones. Multivariate analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences for stimulus frequency (F3,143 = 29.37, p < 0.001, and η2 = 0.35), bone (F5,143 = 4.61, p = 0.001, and η2 = 0.01), and measurement site (F1,143 = 4.74, p = 0.03, and η2 = 0.02) in the absence of statistically significant differences for the probe fixation method (F2,143 = 0.15, p = 0.862, and η2 = 0.001). Standard deviations of the means were 6.9, 2.6, 1.9, and 0.6 nm / Pa for frequency, bone, site, and fixation, respectively. Ear transfer functions were found to be consistent with literature data. Conclusions: The feasibility of applying HLFVP to measure the displacement of auditory ossicles has been confirmed. HLFVP offers the possibility of carrying out measurements at various angles; however, this needs to be standardized taking into account anatomical limitations and surgical convenience.

中文翻译：

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用于评估听小骨位移的手持式激光光纤测振探头

意义：听小骨位移的测量通常通过激光多普勒振动测量法 (LDV) 进行，这被认为是金标准。LDV 方法的局限性, 特别是对于体内测量, 是必须将物体直线暴露于远距离操作的激光束。这种方法的替代方法是使用带有弯曲尖端的手持式激光光纤测振探头 (HLFVP)。目的：我们评估具有弯曲尖端的 HLFVP 用于测量听小骨的声音引起的位移的可行性。方法：手持式测振仪探头用光纤电缆引导激光束，用于砧骨体和镫骨后足的位移测量。频率为 0.5、1、2、和 4 kHz 是通过放置在外耳道中的插入式耳机呈现的。使用三脚架或由两名外科医生之一手持将探头固定在测量部位。结果：测量是在六块新鲜颞骨上进行的。多变量方差分析显示刺激频率（F3,143 = 29.37, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.35）、骨骼（F5,143 = 4.61, p = 0.001, and η2 = 0.01）和测量部位（ F1,143 = 4.74、p = 0.03 和 η2 = 0.02）在探针固定方法（F2,143 = 0.15、p = 0.862 和 η2 = 0.001）没有统计显着差异的情况下。频率、骨骼、部位和固定的平均值的标准偏差分别为 6.9、2.6、1.9 和 0.6 nm/Pa。发现耳传递函数与文献数据一致。结论：应用HLFVP测量听小骨位移的可行性已得到证实。HLFVP 提供了在不同角度进行测量的可能性；然而，考虑到解剖学限制和手术方便，这需要标准化。