Abstract

Crop yield highly associates with biomass accumulation and distribution in sink and source organs. Nutrient is critical for the translocation of photo-assimilate to sink and increases crop yield. This study was to evaluate the biomass accumulation and distribution in three cotton cultivars and how it was affected by the phosphorus (P) fertilization rates (0, 75, 150, and 400 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻²) under plastic film mulched drip irrigation. Results showed that maximum aboveground dry weight (DW) appeared at 150 days after planting (DAP). There were significant differences between P rates in dry weight of total, and organs, seed cotton yield, yield components and reproductive-vegetative ratio (RVR). The seed cotton yield at optimal P rate (150 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻²) was 20.7% higher than at P-free control (0 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻²). The boll weight at 150 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻² was significantly higher than those at 0 and 400 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻². The final total DW at 150 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻² was 17.2% higher than 0 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻² treatment. The RVR at flower stage at 150 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻² was 22.4% higher than 0 kg P₂O₅ hm⁻² treatment. A cross all years and P rates, the final total plant DW and seed cotton yield of cultivars XLZ57 was 20.6% and 22.2% higher than other two cultivars, respectively. Significant interactions between cultivars and P rates were found in cotton yield and DW during the growing season. The results would help farmers to optimize cotton managements under plastic film mulched drip irrigation.

摘要

作物产量与汇和源器官中的生物量积累和分布高度相关。营养物质对于光同化物转移到下沉和增加作物产量至关重要。本研究旨在评估塑料薄膜覆盖滴灌下三个棉花品种的生物量积累和分布以及它如何受磷（P）施肥率（0、75、150和400 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^-2）的影响。灌溉。结果表明，最大地上干重（DW）出现在种植后 150 天（DAP）。总干重、各器官、籽棉产量、产量构成和生殖营养比（RVR）的磷含量均存在显着差异。最佳磷肥（150 kg P ₂O ₅ hm ^-2 ) 比无磷对照 (0 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^-2 )高 20.7% 。150 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^-2的铃重明显高于0和400 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^-2的铃重。150 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^-2的最终总干重比0 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^-2处理高17.2% 。150 kg P ₂ O ₅ hm ^{-2 的}花期 RVR比 0 kg P 高 22.4%₂ O ₅ hm ^-2处理。杂交多年和磷肥率，XLZ57 品种的最终植株总干重和籽棉产量分别比其他两个品种高 20.6%和 22.2%。在生长季节，棉花产量和干重发现品种与磷率之间存在显着的交互作用。结果将帮助农民优化地膜覆盖滴灌下的棉花管理。