Background: Cholangiocarcinoma has been traditionally considered a tumor with poor prognosis. Until now, surgical treatment has been the only more or less effective approach. Summary: Over 10 years, chemotherapy with a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin remains the standard first-line therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma, which leads to a median overall survival of 11.7 months. Several inhibitors of HER (ERBB), HGF/c-MET, Hedgehog, KRAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways did not show their superiority to standard chemotherapy. The rise of hope is associated with the emergence of novel fibroblast growth factor receptors and isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Gastrointest Tumors

中文翻译：

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胆管癌：分子治疗的新兴靶点

背景：传统上，胆管癌被认为是一种预后不良的肿瘤。到目前为止，手术治疗一直是唯一或多或少有效的方法。总结： 10 多年来，吉西他滨和顺铂联合化疗仍然是局部晚期或转移性胆管癌患者的标准一线治疗，其中位总生存期为 11.7 个月。几种 HER (ERBB)、HGF/c-MET、Hedgehog、KRAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK 和 PI3K/AKT/mTOR 信号通路抑制剂未显示出优于标准化疗的优势。希望的兴起与新型成纤维细胞生长因子受体和异柠檬酸脱氢酶抑制剂以及免疫检查点抑制剂的出现有关。
胃肠肿瘤