This study aimed to identify and examine a context-specific personality variable that would allow for robust prediction of compliance with COVID-19 pandemic measures. Therefore, we analyzed the specificity of the current pandemic and proposed a concept and a measure of individual differences in the sense of responsibility for collective health (SRCH). This concept reflects individual's others-oriented approach to the pandemic. It refers to an individual's concern for collective health and the feeling of obligation to contribute to contain the pandemic in one's social environment. The results of Study 1 confirmed SRCH as the strongest predictor of the acceptance of pandemic-related restrictions, when comparing its predictive value with that of pandemic-related worries (considered a context-specific but self-oriented tendency) and two general traits indicating high orientation towards the self (i.e., grandiose and vulnerable narcissism). In Study 2, we compared the ability of SRCH to predict increased hygiene and social distancing with that of pandemic-related worries and narcissistic traits, and of social responsibility personal values—treated as others-oriented personality trait. The results revealed that SRCH explained most of the variance in social distancing, whereas pandemic-related worries predicted most of the variance in hygiene practices, although leaving SRCH a significant predictor.

本研究旨在确定和检查特定情境的人格变量，该变量可以可靠地预测对 COVID-19 大流行措施的遵守情况。因此，我们分析了当前大流行的特殊性，提出了集体健康责任感（SRCH）的概念和个体差异度量。这个概念反映了个人对大流行的以他人为导向的方法。它指的是个人对集体健康的关注以及有义务为遏制个人社会环境中的流行病做出贡献的感觉。研究 1 的结果证实 SRCH 是接受大流行相关限制的最强预测因子，将其预测价值与大流行相关的担忧（被认为是特定背景但自我导向的倾向）和两个表明对自我高度导向的一般特征（即浮夸和脆弱的自恋）的预测价值进行比较。在研究 2 中，我们将 SRCH 预测卫生和社会距离增加的能力与流行病相关的忧虑和自恋特征以及社会责任个人价值观（被视为以他人为导向的人格特征）的能力进行了比较。结果显示，SRCH 解释了社交距离方面的大部分差异，而与大流行相关的担忧预测了卫生习惯方面的大部分差异，尽管 SRCH 是一个重要的预测因素。我们将 SRCH 预测卫生和社会距离增加的能力与流行病相关的忧虑和自恋特征以及社会责任个人价值观（被视为以他人为导向的人格特征）的能力进行了比较。结果显示，SRCH 解释了社交距离方面的大部分差异，而与大流行相关的担忧预测了卫生习惯方面的大部分差异，尽管 SRCH 是一个重要的预测因素。我们将 SRCH 预测卫生和社会距离增加的能力与流行病相关的忧虑和自恋特征以及社会责任个人价值观（被视为以他人为导向的人格特征）的能力进行了比较。结果显示，SRCH 解释了社交距离方面的大部分差异，而与大流行相关的担忧预测了卫生习惯方面的大部分差异，尽管 SRCH 是一个重要的预测因素。