In mammals, the selective transformation of transient experience into stored memory occurs in the hippocampus, which develops representations of specific events in the context in which they occur. In this review, we focus on the development of hippocampal circuits and the self-organized dynamics embedded within them since the latter critically support the role of the hippocampus in learning and memory. We first discuss evidence that adult hippocampal cells and circuits are sculpted by development as early as during embryonic neurogenesis. We argue that these primary developmental programs provide a scaffold onto which later experience of the external world can be grafted. Next, we review the different sequences in the development of hippocampal cells and circuits at anatomical and functional levels. We cover a period extending from neurogenesis and migration to the appearance of phenotypic diversity within hippocampal cells, and their wiring into functional networks. We describe the progressive emergence of network dynamics in the hippocampus, from sensorimotor-driven early sharp waves to sequences of place cells tracking relational information. We outline the critical turn points and discontinuities in that developmental journey, and close by formulating open questions. We propose that rewinding the process of hippocampal development helps understand the main organization principles of memory circuits.

中文翻译：

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发育如何塑造海马回路和功能

在哺乳动物中，将短暂体验选择性地转化为存储的记忆发生在海马体中，海马体在特定事件发生的环境中形成了对特定事件的表征。在这篇综述中，我们专注于海马回路的发展及其内嵌的自组织动力学，因为后者批判性地支持海马体在学习和记忆中的作用。我们首先讨论成年海马细胞和回路早在胚胎神经发生过程中就由发育塑造的证据。我们认为，这些初级发展程序提供了一个支架，可以将后来的外部世界经验移植到该支架上。接下来，我们回顾了解剖和功能水平上海马细胞和回路发育的不同序列。我们涵盖了从神经发生和迁移到海马细胞内表型多样性的出现以及它们与功能网络的连接的时期。我们描述了海马体中网络动力学的逐渐出现，从感觉运动驱动的早期尖波到跟踪相关信息的位置细胞序列。我们概述了该发展历程中的关键转折点和不连续性，并通过制定开放性问题来结束。我们建议回顾海马体发育的过程有助于理解记忆回路的主要组织原理。从感觉运动驱动的早期尖波到跟踪相关信息的位置细胞序列。我们概述了该发展历程中的关键转折点和不连续性，并通过制定开放性问题来结束。我们建议回顾海马体发育的过程有助于理解记忆回路的主要组织原理。从感觉运动驱动的早期尖波到跟踪相关信息的位置细胞序列。我们概述了该发展历程中的关键转折点和不连续性，并通过制定开放性问题来结束。我们建议回顾海马体发育的过程有助于理解记忆回路的主要组织原理。