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Inflammatory repercussions in female steroid responsive glands after perinatal exposure to bisphenol A and 17-β estradiol
Cell Biology International ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-20 , DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11665
Ellen Cristina Rivas Leonel 1, 2 , Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz 1 , Carolina Marques Bedolo 1 , Silvana Gisele Pegorin Campos 1 , Sebastião Roberto Taboga 1
Affiliation  

The mammary gland (MG) and female prostate are plastic reproductive organs which are highly responsive to hormones. Thus, endocrine disruptors, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and exogenous estrogens, negatively affect glandular homeostasis. In addition to previously described alterations, changes in inflammatory markers expression also trigger the development of a microenvironment that contributes to tumor progression. The current work aimed to evaluate the inflammatory responses of the MG and prostate gland to BPA (50 µg/kg) and 17-β estradiol (35 µg/kg) exposure during the perinatal window of susceptibility. The results showed that at 6 months of age there was an increase in the number of phospho-STAT3 (P-STAT3) positive cells in the female prostate from animals perinatally exposed to 50 µg/kg BPA daily. In addition, the number of macrophages increased in these animals in comparison with nonexposed animals, as shown by the F4/80 marker. Despite an increase in the incidence of lobuloalveolar and intraductal hyperplasia, the MG did not show any difference in the expression of the four inflammatory markers evaluated: tumor necrosis factor-α, COX-2, P-STAT3, and F4/80. Analysis of both glands from the same animal led to the conclusion that exposure to endocrine disruptors during the perinatal window of susceptibility leads to different inflammatory responses in different reproductive organs. As the prostate is more susceptible to these inflammatory mechanisms, it is reasonable to affirm that possible neoplastic alterations in this organ are related to changes in the inflammatory pattern of the stroma, a characteristic that is not evident in the MG.

中文翻译:

围产期暴露于双酚 A 和 17-β 雌二醇后女性类固醇反应性腺体的炎症反应

乳腺 (MG) 和女性前列腺是对激素高度敏感的可塑性生殖器官。因此,内分泌干扰物,如双酚 A (BPA) 和外源性雌激素,会对腺体稳态产生负面影响。除了先前描述的改变外,炎症标志物表达的变化也触发了有助于肿瘤进展的微环境的发展。目前的工作旨在评估围产期易感性窗口期间 MG 和前列腺对 BPA (50 µg/kg) 和 17-β 雌二醇 (35 µg/kg) 暴露的炎症反应。结果显示,在 6 个月大时,围产期每天暴露于 50 µg/kg BPA 的动物的雌性前列腺中磷酸化 STAT3 (P-STAT3) 阳性细胞的数量有所增加。此外,与未暴露的动物相比,这些动物的巨噬细胞数量增加,如 F4/80 标记所示。尽管小叶肺泡和导管内增生的发生率增加,但 MG 在评估的四种炎症标志物的表达上没有显示任何差异:肿瘤坏死因子-α、COX-2、P-STAT3 和 F4/80。对同一动物的两个腺体的分析得出的结论是,在围产期易感性窗口期间暴露于内分泌干扰物会导致不同生殖器官出现不同的炎症反应。由于前列腺更容易受到这些炎症机制的影响,因此可以合理地确认该器官中可能的肿瘤改变与基质炎症模式的变化有关,而这一特征在 MG 中并不明显。
更新日期:2021-07-20
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